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False-positive Aspergillus galactomannan antigenaemia after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Objectives Although Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) antigen detection is widely applied in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA), false-positive reactions with fungus-derived antibiotics, other fungal genera or the passage of dietary GM through injured mucosa are a matter of concern. The aim o...

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Published in:Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2008-02, Vol.61 (2), p.411-416
Main Authors: Asano-Mori, Yuki, Kanda, Yoshinobu, Oshima, Kumi, Kako, Shinichi, Shinohara, Akihito, Nakasone, Hideki, Kaneko, Makoto, Sato, Hiroyuki, Watanabe, Takuro, Hosoya, Noriko, Izutsu, Koji, Asai, Takashi, Hangaishi, Akira, Motokura, Toru, Chiba, Shigeru, Kurokawa, Mineo
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container_end_page 416
container_issue 2
container_start_page 411
container_title Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
container_volume 61
creator Asano-Mori, Yuki
Kanda, Yoshinobu
Oshima, Kumi
Kako, Shinichi
Shinohara, Akihito
Nakasone, Hideki
Kaneko, Makoto
Sato, Hiroyuki
Watanabe, Takuro
Hosoya, Noriko
Izutsu, Koji
Asai, Takashi
Hangaishi, Akira
Motokura, Toru
Chiba, Shigeru
Kurokawa, Mineo
description Objectives Although Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) antigen detection is widely applied in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA), false-positive reactions with fungus-derived antibiotics, other fungal genera or the passage of dietary GM through injured mucosa are a matter of concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the cumulative incidence and risk factors for false-positive GM antigenaemia. Patients and methods The records of 157 adult allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients were retrospectively analysed. Episodes of positive GM antigenaemia, defined as two consecutive GM results with an optical density index above 0.6, were classified into true, false and inconclusive GM antigenaemia by reviewing the clinical course. Results Twenty-five patients developed proven or probable IA with a 1 year cumulative incidence of 12.9%, whereas 50 experienced positive GM antigenaemia with an incidence of 32.2%. Among the total 58 positive episodes of the 50 patients, 29 were considered false-positive. The positive predictive value (PPV) was lower during the first 100 days than beyond 100 days after HSCT (37.5% versus 58.8%). Gastrointestinal chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was identified as the only independent significant factor for the increased incidence of false-positive GM antigenaemia (PPV 0% versus 66.7%, P = 0.02). Conclusions GM antigen results must be considered cautiously in conjunction with other diagnostic procedures including computed tomography scans, especially during the first 100 days after HSCT and in patients with gastrointestinal chronic GVHD.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/jac/dkm463
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The aim of this study was to investigate the cumulative incidence and risk factors for false-positive GM antigenaemia. Patients and methods The records of 157 adult allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients were retrospectively analysed. Episodes of positive GM antigenaemia, defined as two consecutive GM results with an optical density index above 0.6, were classified into true, false and inconclusive GM antigenaemia by reviewing the clinical course. Results Twenty-five patients developed proven or probable IA with a 1 year cumulative incidence of 12.9%, whereas 50 experienced positive GM antigenaemia with an incidence of 32.2%. Among the total 58 positive episodes of the 50 patients, 29 were considered false-positive. The positive predictive value (PPV) was lower during the first 100 days than beyond 100 days after HSCT (37.5% versus 58.8%). Gastrointestinal chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was identified as the only independent significant factor for the increased incidence of false-positive GM antigenaemia (PPV 0% versus 66.7%, P = 0.02). Conclusions GM antigen results must be considered cautiously in conjunction with other diagnostic procedures including computed tomography scans, especially during the first 100 days after HSCT and in patients with gastrointestinal chronic GVHD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0305-7453</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-2091</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkm463</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18055488</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JACHDX</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents ; Aspergillosis - diagnosis ; Aspergillosis - etiology ; Aspergillosis - metabolism ; Aspergillus ; Aspergillus - metabolism ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chemotherapy ; chronic GVHD ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fungal infections ; gastrointestinal tract ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - trends ; Human mycoses ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; invasive aspergillosis ; Male ; Mannans - analysis ; Mannans - metabolism ; Medical sciences ; Microbiology ; Middle Aged ; Miscellaneous mycoses ; mucosal damage ; Mycoses ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Retrospective Studies ; Stem cells ; Transplants &amp; implants</subject><ispartof>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2008-02, Vol.61 (2), p.411-416</ispartof><rights>The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org 2008</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c543t-a5759443569b5ad8183080c814950b7033526e152e0d2323a5804c2bdaaba25b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=20048947$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18055488$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Asano-Mori, Yuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanda, Yoshinobu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oshima, Kumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kako, Shinichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shinohara, Akihito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakasone, Hideki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaneko, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sato, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Takuro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hosoya, Noriko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Izutsu, Koji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asai, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hangaishi, Akira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Motokura, Toru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiba, Shigeru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kurokawa, Mineo</creatorcontrib><title>False-positive Aspergillus galactomannan antigenaemia after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation</title><title>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy</title><addtitle>J Antimicrob Chemother</addtitle><description>Objectives Although Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) antigen detection is widely applied in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA), false-positive reactions with fungus-derived antibiotics, other fungal genera or the passage of dietary GM through injured mucosa are a matter of concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the cumulative incidence and risk factors for false-positive GM antigenaemia. Patients and methods The records of 157 adult allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients were retrospectively analysed. Episodes of positive GM antigenaemia, defined as two consecutive GM results with an optical density index above 0.6, were classified into true, false and inconclusive GM antigenaemia by reviewing the clinical course. Results Twenty-five patients developed proven or probable IA with a 1 year cumulative incidence of 12.9%, whereas 50 experienced positive GM antigenaemia with an incidence of 32.2%. Among the total 58 positive episodes of the 50 patients, 29 were considered false-positive. The positive predictive value (PPV) was lower during the first 100 days than beyond 100 days after HSCT (37.5% versus 58.8%). Gastrointestinal chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was identified as the only independent significant factor for the increased incidence of false-positive GM antigenaemia (PPV 0% versus 66.7%, P = 0.02). Conclusions GM antigen results must be considered cautiously in conjunction with other diagnostic procedures including computed tomography scans, especially during the first 100 days after HSCT and in patients with gastrointestinal chronic GVHD.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. 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The aim of this study was to investigate the cumulative incidence and risk factors for false-positive GM antigenaemia. Patients and methods The records of 157 adult allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients were retrospectively analysed. Episodes of positive GM antigenaemia, defined as two consecutive GM results with an optical density index above 0.6, were classified into true, false and inconclusive GM antigenaemia by reviewing the clinical course. Results Twenty-five patients developed proven or probable IA with a 1 year cumulative incidence of 12.9%, whereas 50 experienced positive GM antigenaemia with an incidence of 32.2%. Among the total 58 positive episodes of the 50 patients, 29 were considered false-positive. The positive predictive value (PPV) was lower during the first 100 days than beyond 100 days after HSCT (37.5% versus 58.8%). Gastrointestinal chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was identified as the only independent significant factor for the increased incidence of false-positive GM antigenaemia (PPV 0% versus 66.7%, P = 0.02). Conclusions GM antigen results must be considered cautiously in conjunction with other diagnostic procedures including computed tomography scans, especially during the first 100 days after HSCT and in patients with gastrointestinal chronic GVHD.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>18055488</pmid><doi>10.1093/jac/dkm463</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Aspergillosis - diagnosis
Aspergillosis - etiology
Aspergillosis - metabolism
Aspergillus
Aspergillus - metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Chemotherapy
chronic GVHD
False Positive Reactions
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Fungal infections
gastrointestinal tract
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - trends
Human mycoses
Humans
Infectious diseases
invasive aspergillosis
Male
Mannans - analysis
Mannans - metabolism
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous mycoses
mucosal damage
Mycoses
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Retrospective Studies
Stem cells
Transplants & implants
title False-positive Aspergillus galactomannan antigenaemia after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
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