Culture-independent analysis of the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer and polyposis

A role for the intestinal microbiota is routinely cited as a potential aetiological factor in colorectal cancer initiation and progression. As the majority of bacteria in the gut are refractory to culture we investigated this ecosystem in subjects with colorectal cancer and with adenomatous polyposi...

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Published in:Environmental microbiology 2008-03, Vol.10 (3), p.789-798
Main Authors: Scanlan, Pauline D, Shanahan, Fergus, Clune, Yvonne, Collins, John K, O'Sullivan, Gerald C, O'Riordan, Micheal, Holmes, Elaine, Wang, Yulan, Marchesi, Julian R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli - microbiology
Biodiversity
Clostridium - classification
Clostridium - genetics
Colorectal Neoplasms - microbiology
DNA, Bacterial - analysis
DNA, Bacterial - genetics
DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - analysis
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Female
Gastrointestinal Tract
Humans
Intestines - microbiology
Male
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - analysis
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
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Summary:A role for the intestinal microbiota is routinely cited as a potential aetiological factor in colorectal cancer initiation and progression. As the majority of bacteria in the gut are refractory to culture we investigated this ecosystem in subjects with colorectal cancer and with adenomatous polyposis who are at high risk of developing colorectal cancer, using culture-independent methods. Twenty colorectal cancer and 20 polypectomized volunteers were chosen for this analysis. An exploration of the diversity and temporal stability of the dominant bacteria and several bacterial subgroups was undertaken using 16S rRNA gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA). Metabonomic analysis of the distal gut microbiota's environment was also undertaken. A significantly reduced temporal stability and increased diversity for the microbiota of subjects with colorectal cancer and polyposis was evident. A significantly increased diversity of the Clostridium leptum and C. coccoides subgroups was also noted for both disease groups. A clear division in the metabonome was observed for the colorectal cancer and polypectomized subjects compared with control volunteers. The intestinal microbiota and their metabolites are significantly altered in both colorectal cancer and polypectomized subjects compared with controls.
ISSN:1462-2912
1462-2920
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01503.x