Calcium and Vitamin D Intake and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

The associations of intakes of calcium and vitamin D with colorectal cancer risk were examined in the Multiethnic Cohort Study (Hawaii and Los Angeles, California). In 1993–1996, 85,903 men and 105,108 women aged ≥45 years completed a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A total of 2,110 incid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of epidemiology 2007-04, Vol.165 (7), p.784-793
Main Authors: Park, Song-Yi, Murphy, Suzanne P., Wilkens, Lynne R., Nomura, Abraham M. Y., Henderson, Brian E., Kolonel, Laurence N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Analysis. Health state
Biological and medical sciences
Calcium
Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage
Cohort Studies
Colorectal cancer
colorectal neoplasms
Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms - ethnology
Dairy Products
Dietary supplements
Epidemiology
Female
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
General aspects
Hawaii - epidemiology
Humans
Los Angeles - epidemiology
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Proportional Hazards Models
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Risk Factors
Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus
Tumors
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - administration & dosage
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Summary:The associations of intakes of calcium and vitamin D with colorectal cancer risk were examined in the Multiethnic Cohort Study (Hawaii and Los Angeles, California). In 1993–1996, 85,903 men and 105,108 women aged ≥45 years completed a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A total of 2,110 incident cases of colorectal cancer (1,138 in men and 972 in women) were identified through December 31, 2001. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate multivariate-adjusted relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. Total calcium intake (from foods and supplements) was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk in both men (highest quintile vs. lowest: relative risk (RR) = 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52, 0.93; p for trend = 0.006) and women (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.83; p for trend = 0.003). The inverse association was also seen for total vitamin D intake in men (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.51, 1.00; p for trend = 0.03) but not in women. Intake of dairy products was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, especially among nonusers of supplemental calcium (men: RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59, 1.01; women: RR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.89). The findings support the hypothesis of protective roles for calcium, vitamin D, and dairy products in the risk of colorectal cancer.
ISSN:0002-9262
1476-6256
DOI:10.1093/aje/kwk069