Hydrophobins Sc3 and Sc4 gene expression in mounds, fruiting bodies and vegetative hyphae of Schizophyllum commune

An abnormal growth form called mound has been hypothesized to be a neoplasm in the filamentous fungus Schizophyllum commune. An alternative hypothesis is that mounds represent some unusual developmental form in the fruiting body morphogenetic pathway. Hydrophobin proteins have been found in fruiting...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fungal genetics and biology 2008-03, Vol.45 (3), p.171-179
Main Authors: Banerjee, Goutami, Robertson, Deborah L., Leonard, Thomas J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cryoelectron Microscopy
Cryoscanning images
fruiting bodies
Fruiting Bodies, Fungal - genetics
Fruiting Bodies, Fungal - ultrastructure
fungal mounds
fungal neoplasms
fungal proteins
Fungal Proteins - genetics
Gas channels
gas exchange
gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
genes
hydrophobins
hyphae
Hyphae - genetics
Hyphae - ultrastructure
messenger RNA
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Protein Isoforms - genetics
QRT-PCR
Sc3 gene
Sc4 gene
Sc4 hydrophobin gene
Schizophyllum - genetics
Schizophyllum - ultrastructure
Schizophyllum commune
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Summary:An abnormal growth form called mound has been hypothesized to be a neoplasm in the filamentous fungus Schizophyllum commune. An alternative hypothesis is that mounds represent some unusual developmental form in the fruiting body morphogenetic pathway. Hydrophobin proteins have been found in fruiting bodies where they line the surface of gas exchange pores and function to keep the pores hydrophobic. To further determine possible relationships between mounds and fruiting bodies, mound tissue was examined for gas exchange pores and the presence of hydrophobins. Cryoscanning electron microscopic images revealed the presence of channels in mound tissue and presumptive hydrophobin rodlets similar to the air channels in fruiting bodies. Hydrophobin gene expression was also measured in mound tissue using quantitative real-time PCR and showed both monokaryotic and dikaryotic mound tissue exhibited high expression of the dikaryotic specific Sc4 hydrophobin gene. In contrast, Sc4 hydrophobin expression was barely detectable in monokaryotic fruiting bodies. The expression of Sc4 hydrophobin genes in mounds suggests mound development uses this aspect of the dikaryotic fruiting developmental pathway.
ISSN:1087-1845
1096-0937
DOI:10.1016/j.fgb.2007.10.018