In Vitro Models of Angiogenesis

Neovascularization can be categorized into two general processes: vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the formation of new capillaries from pre‐existing vessels, requiring growth factor driven recruitment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of endothelial cells (ECs). Complex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of surgery 2007-04, Vol.31 (4), p.654-663
Main Authors: Ucuzian, Areck A., Greisler, Howard P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis Inhibitors - pharmacology
Angiogenesis Model
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Fibroblast Growth Factor
General aspects
Growth Factor Delivery
Humans
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - pharmacology
Medical sciences
Models, Biological
Mural Cell
Neovascularization, Pathologic - drug therapy
Neovascularization, Pathologic - physiopathology
Neovascularization, Physiologic - drug effects
Neovascularization, Physiologic - physiology
Tissue Engineering - methods
Vascular Diseases - therapy
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
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Summary:Neovascularization can be categorized into two general processes: vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the formation of new capillaries from pre‐existing vessels, requiring growth factor driven recruitment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of endothelial cells (ECs). Complex cell–cell and cell‐extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions contribute to this process, leading finally to a network of tube‐like formations of endothelial cells supported by surrounding mural cells. The study of angiogenesis has broad clinical implications in the fields of peripheral and coronary vascular disease, oncology, hematology, wound healing, dermatology, and ophthalmology, among others. As such, novel, clinically relevant models of angiogenesis in vitro are crucial to the understanding of angiogenic processes. We highlight some of the advances made in the development of these models, and discuss the importance of incorporating the three‐dimensional cell‐matrix and EC–mural cell interactions into these in vitro assays of angiogenesis. This review also discusses our own 3‐D angiogenesis assay and some of the in vitro results from our lab as they relate to therapeutic neovascularization and tissue engineering of vascular grafts.
ISSN:0364-2313
1432-2323
DOI:10.1007/s00268-006-0763-4