Effect of osteoporosis on bone mineral density and fracture repair in a rat femoral fracture model

Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most prevalent bone diseases worldwide with bone fracture the major clinical consequence. The effect of OP on fracture repair is disputed and although it might be expected for fracture repair to be delayed in osteoporotic individuals, a definitive answer to this quest...

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Published in:Journal of orthopaedic research 2008-03, Vol.26 (3), p.384-393
Main Authors: McCann, Roseleen M., Colleary, Gary, Geddis, Carolyn, Clarke, Susan A., Jordan, Grant R., Dickson, Glenn R., Marsh, David
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomechanical Phenomena
Body Weight
Bone Density
bone mineral density
Female
Femoral Fractures - complications
Femoral Fractures - diagnostic imaging
Femoral Fractures - pathology
Femoral Fractures - physiopathology
Fracture Healing
fracture repair
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Movement
osteoporosis
Osteoporosis - complications
Osteoporosis - etiology
Osteoporosis - pathology
Osteoporosis - physiopathology
Ovariectomy
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Tensile Strength
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Summary:Osteoporosis (OP) is one of the most prevalent bone diseases worldwide with bone fracture the major clinical consequence. The effect of OP on fracture repair is disputed and although it might be expected for fracture repair to be delayed in osteoporotic individuals, a definitive answer to this question still eludes us. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of osteoporosis in a rodent fracture model. OP was induced in 3‐month‐old rats (n = 53) by ovariectomy (OVX) followed by an externally fixated, mid‐diaphyseal femoral osteotomy at 6 months (OVX group). A further 40 animals underwent a fracture at 6 months (control group). Animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks postfracture with outcome measures of histology, biomechanical strength testing, pQCT, relative BMD, and motion detection. OVX animals had significantly lower BMD, slower fracture repair (histologically), reduced stiffness in the fractured femora (8 weeks) and strength in the contralateral femora (6 and 8 weeks), increased body weight, and decreased motion. This study has demonstrated that OVX is associated with decrease in BMD (particularly in trabecular bone) and a reduction in the mechanical properties of intact bone and healing fractures. The histological, biomechanical, and radiological measures of union suggest that OVX delayed fracture healing. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:384–393, 2008
ISSN:0736-0266
1554-527X
DOI:10.1002/jor.20505