Citrate anticoagulation protocol for slow extended hemodialysis with the Genius dialysis system in acute renal failure

• Published in: International journal of artificial organs 2008-01, Vol.31 (1), p.43-48
• Main Authors: Schneider, M, Liefeldt, L, Slowinski, T, Peters, H, Neumayer, H-H, Morgera, S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute Kidney Injury - therapy; Aged; Anticoagulants - therapeutic use; Citric Acid - therapeutic use; Feasibility Studies; Female; Hemodialysis Solutions - chemistry; Hemodialysis Solutions - therapeutic use; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight - therapeutic use; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Polysaccharides - therapeutic use; Renal Dialysis - instrumentation; Renal Dialysis - methods; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0391-3988; 1724-6040
• DOI: 10.1177/039139880803100106

The Genius dialysis system is increasingly used as an intermittent hemodialysis device in the setting of acute renal failure. Slow extended hemodialysis is preferred in the case of critical ill patients. In this study we established a safe and feasible citrate anticoagulation protocol for slow extended hemodialysis (SLED) with the Genius system. We compared six anticoagulation protocols using SLED in 34 critically ill patients with acute renal failure. One group (A) received only citrate anticoagulation. Four groups (B - D) were treated with citrate and different additional systemic anticoagulation. Patients in the last group (F) were anticoagulated with heparin and were free of citrate anticoagulation. The total number of treatments was 103. A 4% sodium citrate solution was infused into the arterial line of the dialysis device for citrate anticoagulation. The dialysis solution contained one mmol/L of calcium. No additional calcium supplementation was done. We monitored electrolyte, acid-base and cardiovascular status prospectively. Hemodialysis was well tolerated hemodynamically. Electrolytes remained stable throughout hemodialysis in all groups. The decrease in ionized and total calcium was within the expected, clinically acceptable range. Bicarbonate and pH levels increased during dialysis, especially if citrate was used. Slow extended Genius hemodialysis with citrate is well tolerated and offers a safe and effective alternative to systemic anticoagulation.