Developmental, Hormonal, and Nutritional Regulation of Porcine Adipose Triglyceride Lipase (ATGL)

• Published in: Lipids 2008-03, Vol.43 (3), p.215-225
• Main Authors: Deiuliis, Jeffrey A, Shin, Jonghyun, Bae, Dongryeoul, Azain, Michael J, Barb, Richard, Lee, Kichoon
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: adipocytes; Adipocytes - cytology; Adipocytes - enzymology; Adipogenesis; Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue, White - enzymology; Adipose Tissue, White - metabolism; Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL); Amino Acid Sequence; amino acid sequences; Animals; Base Sequence; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Caloric Restriction; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Colforsin - pharmacology; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases - metabolism; Delta like homolog 1 (DLK1); gene expression regulation; Insulin - metabolism; Insulin - pharmacology; Life Sciences; Lipase - chemistry; Lipase - genetics; Lipase - metabolism; Lipidology; Lipolysis; Medical Biochemistry; Medicinal Chemistry; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; molecular cloning; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscle, Striated - enzymology; Muscle, Striated - metabolism; Neurochemistry; nucleotide sequences; Nutrition; Original Paper; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors gamma (PPARγ); Pig; Sequence Alignment; sequence analysis; Swine; triacylglycerol lipase
• ISSN: 0024-4201; 1558-9307
• DOI: 10.1007/s11745-007-3146-1

Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is a newly identified lipase. We report for the first time the porcine ATGL sequence and characterize ATGL gene and protein expression in vitro and in vivo. Adult pig tissue expresses ATGL at high levels in the white adipose and muscle tissue relative to other tested tissues. We show that within the white adipose tissue ATGL is expressed at higher levels in the adipocyte than in the stromal-vascular fraction. Additionally, ATGL expression increases dramatically in the subcutaneous adipose during adipose development and maturation, as well as during in vitro adipogenesis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma transcript levels increased concomitant with ATGL gene expression, suggesting a possible role in the regulation of ATGL by adipogenic regulators. In vitro treatment of differentiated primary pig preadipocytes with insulin and forskolin decreased ATGL gene expression in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting ATGL transcript levels are hormone sensitive. In vivo experimentation showed that calorie-restriction in gilts resulted in increased ATGL mRNA and protein levels in subcutaneous and peri-renal fat tissues. Our data demonstrate that ATGL expression reacts to hormonal stimuli and plays a role in catecholamine-induced lipolysis in porcine adipose tissue.