Adventitial inflammation: A possible pathogenic link to the instability of atherosclerotic plaque

Summary A variety of cells, including fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages, and ganglionic cells, are present in coronary artery adventitia. In the infarct-related coronary arteries of myocardial infarction patients, the majority of mast cells are found in the outer layer of the adventitia. Neurogen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical hypotheses 2007-01, Vol.68 (6), p.1262-1264
Main Authors: Hu, Cheng Lin, Xiang, Ji Zhou, Hu, Fei Fei, Huang, Cong Xin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arteritis - etiology
Chlamydophila pneumoniae - pathogenicity
Connective Tissue - immunology
Connective Tissue - microbiology
Connective Tissue - pathology
Coronary Artery Disease - etiology
Coronary Artery Disease - pathology
Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology
Coronary Vessels - pathology
Histamine Release - physiology
Humans
Inflammation
Internal Medicine
Leukotrienes - secretion
Lymphocytes - cytology
Lymphocytes - physiology
Mast Cells - cytology
Mast Cells - physiology
Models, Cardiovascular
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Summary:Summary A variety of cells, including fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages, and ganglionic cells, are present in coronary artery adventitia. In the infarct-related coronary arteries of myocardial infarction patients, the majority of mast cells are found in the outer layer of the adventitia. Neurogenic stimulation of mast cells in the adventitia of coronary arteries may release vasoactive compounds, such as histamine and leukotrienes, which can contribute to the complex neurohormonal response that leads to abnormal coronary vasoconstriction. Lymphocytes and bacteria are also present mainly in the adventitial layer. Chlamydia pneumoniae is directly involved in the development of adventitial and plaque inflammation (pan-arteritis), leading to plaque rupture. Adventitial O 2 - may also play an extensive role in the control of vascular tone. Therefore, adventitial inflammation may play a pivotal role for atherosclerotic lesion development and atheroma instability.
ISSN:0306-9877
1532-2777
DOI:10.1016/j.mehy.2006.10.046