Karyotype with 210 chromosomes in guarana (Paullinia cupana 'Sorbilis')

The genus Paullinia includes the economically important P. cupana, known as guarana in Brazil and more recently in the world market. Native Americans of the Maue and Andira tribes cultivated P. cupana 'Sorbilis' in central Amazon, and the Bares cultivated the 'Typica' variety in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of plant research 2007-05, Vol.120 (3), p.399-404
Main Authors: de Freitas, D.V.(Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus (Brazil)), Carvalho, C.R, Filho, F.J.N, Astolfi-Filho, S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Andira
Brazil
C value
Caffeine - isolation & purification
CARIOTIPOS
CARYOTYPE
Chromosome Mapping
CHROMOSOME NUMBER
Chromosomes
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Economic importance
Flow Cytometry
Genes, Plant
Indigenous peoples
KARYOTYPES
Karyotyping
Metaphase
NOMBRE CHROMOSOMIQUE
NUMERO DE CROMOSOMAS
Paullinia - genetics
PAULLINIA CUPANA
Paullinia cupana 'Sorbilis'
POLIPLOIDIA
POLYPLOIDIE
POLYPLOIDY
Sapindaceae
Tropical Climate
VARIEDADES
VARIETE
VARIETIES
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Description
Summary:The genus Paullinia includes the economically important P. cupana, known as guarana in Brazil and more recently in the world market. Native Americans of the Maue and Andira tribes cultivated P. cupana 'Sorbilis' in central Amazon, and the Bares cultivated the 'Typica' variety in the upper Negro River (Brazil). Cytological studies in the Sapindaceae family have concentrated on the diversity in number (from 2n = 14 to 96) and size of the chromosomes. In Paullinia, seven species have been karyotyped and all show 2n = 24. Meristem maceration, cellular dissociation and air-drying techniques were used for cytogenetic preparations and DNA content was determined by flow cytometry. Chromosome characterization and DNA content of Paullinia cupana Kunth 'Sorbilis' (Mart.) Ducke (Sapindaceae) were studied. The high chromosome number (2n = 210) fall into two cytomorphological groups: (a) a metacentric and submetacentric group showing 25 sets of three pairs of chromosomes (2-76); (b) a group containing only acrocentric showing 12 sets of two pairs of chromosomes (82-105), a homologous submetacentric pair (1) and an acrocentric pair (81). Mean nuclear DNA content of guarana was 2C = 22.8 pg. A karyogram was set up showing a high chromosome number complement.
ISSN:0918-9440
1618-0860
DOI:10.1007/s10265-007-0073-4