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Electron fractionalization in two-dimensional graphenelike structures
Electron fractionalization is intimately related to topology. In one-dimensional systems, fractionally charged states exist at domain walls between degenerate vacua. In two-dimensional systems, fractionalization exists in quantum Hall fluids, where time-reversal symmetry is broken by a large externa...
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Published in: | Physical review letters 2007-05, Vol.98 (18), p.186809-186809, Article 186809 |
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container_title | Physical review letters |
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creator | Hou, Chang-Yu Chamon, Claudio Mudry, Christopher |
description | Electron fractionalization is intimately related to topology. In one-dimensional systems, fractionally charged states exist at domain walls between degenerate vacua. In two-dimensional systems, fractionalization exists in quantum Hall fluids, where time-reversal symmetry is broken by a large external magnetic field. Recently, there has been a tremendous effort in the search for examples of fractionalization in two-dimensional systems with time-reversal symmetry. In this Letter, we show that fractionally charged topological excitations exist on graphenelike structures, where quasiparticles are described by two flavors of Dirac fermions and time-reversal symmetry is respected. The topological zero modes are mathematically similar to fractional vortices in p-wave superconductors. They correspond to a twist in the phase in the mass of the Dirac fermions, akin to cosmic strings in particle physics. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1103/physrevlett.98.186809 |
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title | Electron fractionalization in two-dimensional graphenelike structures |
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