Visualization of fluid-bed granulation with self-organizing maps

The degree of the instrumentation of pharmaceutical unit operations has increased. This instrumentation provides information of the state of the process and can be used for both process control and research. However, on-line process data is usually multidimensional, and is difficult to study with tr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 2001, Vol.24 (3), p.343-352
Main Authors: Rantanen, Jukka T., Laine, Sampsa J., Antikainen, Osmo K., Mannermaa, Jukka-Pekka, Simula, Olli E., Yliruusi, Jouko K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Analysis
Biological and medical sciences
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
General pharmacology
Granulation
Medical sciences
NIR
Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Process monitoring
Reflectance
Self-organizing maps (SOM)
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Summary:The degree of the instrumentation of pharmaceutical unit operations has increased. This instrumentation provides information of the state of the process and can be used for both process control and research. However, on-line process data is usually multidimensional, and is difficult to study with traditional trends and scatter plots. The Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is a recognized tool for dimension reduction and process state monitoring. The basics of the SOM and the application to on-line data collected from a fluid-bed granulation process are presented. As a batch process, granulation traversed through a number of process states, which was visualized with SOM as a two-dimensional map. In addition, it is demonstrated how the differences between granulation batches can be studied. The results suggest that SOM together with new in-line process analytical solutions support the in-process control of the pharmaceutical unit operations. Further, a novel research tool for understanding the phenomena during processing is achieved.
ISSN:0731-7085
1873-264X
DOI:10.1016/S0731-7085(00)00458-1