Surface Modification of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers for Property Enhancement of Optically Transparent Composites:  Dependence on Acetyl-Group DS

Bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers were acetylated to enhance the properties of optically transparent composites of acrylic resin reinforced with the nanofibers. A series of BC nanofibers acetylated from degree-of-substitution (DS) 0 to 1.76 were obtained. X-ray diffraction profiles indicated that...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomacromolecules 2007-06, Vol.8 (6), p.1973-1978
Main Authors: Ifuku, Shinsuke, Nogi, Masaya, Abe, Kentaro, Handa, Keishin, Nakatsubo, Fumiaki, Yano, Hiroyuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylation
Acrylic Resins - chemistry
Applied sciences
Bacteria
Bacterial Proteins - chemistry
Cellulose - chemistry
Cellulose and derivatives
Composites
Exact sciences and technology
Fibers and threads
Forms of application and semi-finished materials
Hot Temperature
Light
Materials Testing
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Natural polymers
Optics and Photonics
Physicochemistry of polymers
Polymer industry, paints, wood
Spectrophotometry, Infrared
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Surface Properties
Technology of polymers
Temperature
X-Ray Diffraction
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Summary:Bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers were acetylated to enhance the properties of optically transparent composites of acrylic resin reinforced with the nanofibers. A series of BC nanofibers acetylated from degree-of-substitution (DS) 0 to 1.76 were obtained. X-ray diffraction profiles indicated that acetylation proceeded from the surface to the core of BC nanofibers, and scanning electron microscopy images showed that the volume of nanofibers increases by the bulky acetyl group. Since acetylation decreased the refractive index of cellulose, regular transmittance of composites comprised of 63% BC nanofiber was improved, and deterioration at 580 nm because of fiber reinforcement was suppressed to only 3.4%. Acetylation of nanofibers changed their surface properties and reduced the moisture content of the composite to about one-third that of untreated composite, although excessive acetylation increased hygroscopicity. Furthermore, acetylation was found to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of a BC sheet from 3 × 10-6 to below 1 × 10-6 1/K.
ISSN:1525-7797
1526-4602
DOI:10.1021/bm070113b