Active listening room compensation for massive multichannel sound reproduction systems using wave-domain adaptive filtering

• Published in: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2007-07, Vol.122 (1), p.354-369
• Main Authors: Spors, Sascha, Buchner, Herbert, Rabenstein, Rudolf, Herbordt, Wolfgang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acoustics; Acoustics - instrumentation; Algorithms; Architectural acoustics; Equipment Design; Exact sciences and technology; Facility Design and Construction; Fourier Analysis; Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications); Least-Squares Analysis; Models, Theoretical; Motion; Physics; Pressure; Reproducibility of Results; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Sound; Sound Spectrography; Time Factors; Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound
• ISSN: 0001-4966; 1520-8524
• DOI: 10.1121/1.2737669

The acoustic theory for multichannel sound reproduction systems usually assumes free-field conditions for the listening environment. However, their performance in real-world listening environments may be impaired by reflections at the walls. This impairment can be reduced by suitable compensation measures. For systems with many channels, active compensation is an option, since the compensating waves can be created by the reproduction loudspeakers. Due to the time-varying nature of room acoustics, the compensation signals have to be determined by an adaptive system. The problems associated with the successful operation of multichannel adaptive systems are addressed in this contribution. First, a method for decoupling the adaptation problem is introduced. It is based on a generalized singular value decomposition and is called eigenspace adaptive filtering . Unfortunately, it cannot be implemented in its pure form, since the continuous adaptation of the generalized singular value decomposition matrices to the variable room acoustics is numerically very demanding. However, a combination of this mathematical technique with the physical description of wave propagation yields a realizable multichannel adaptation method with good decoupling properties. It is called wave domain adaptive filtering and is discussed here in the context of wave field synthesis.