Methods for inducing embryoid body formation: in vitro differentiation system of embryonic stem cells

When cultured in suspension without antidifferentiation factors, embryonic stem (ES) cells spontaneously differentiate and form three-dimensional multicellular aggregates called embryoid bodies (EBs). EBs recapitulate many aspects of cell differentiation during early embryogenesis, and play an impor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 2007-05, Vol.103 (5), p.389-398
Main Author: Kurosawa, Hiroshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Biotechnology
Cell Culture Techniques - instrumentation
Cell Culture Techniques - methods
CELL DIFFERENTIATION
Cell Proliferation
Cells, Cultured
CULTIVO IN VITRO
CULTURE IN VITRO
culture vessel
DESARROLLO EMBRIONARIO
DEVELOPPEMENT EMBRYONNAIRE
DIFERENCIACION CELULAR
DIFFERENCIATION CELLULAIRE
differentiation
embryoid body
embryoid body formation method
EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
Embryonic Development - physiology
embryonic stem cells
Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology
Embryonic Stem Cells - physiology
Equipment Design
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
IN VITRO CULTURE
MAMIFEROS
MAMMALS
MAMMIFERE
Tissue Engineering - instrumentation
Tissue Engineering - methods
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Description
Summary:When cultured in suspension without antidifferentiation factors, embryonic stem (ES) cells spontaneously differentiate and form three-dimensional multicellular aggregates called embryoid bodies (EBs). EBs recapitulate many aspects of cell differentiation during early embryogenesis, and play an important role in the differentiation of ES cells into a variety of cell types in vitro. There are several methods for inducing the formation of EBs from ES cells. The three basic methods are liquid suspension culture in bacterial-grade dishes, culture in methylcellulose semisolid media, and culture in hanging drops. Recently, the methods using a round-bottomed 96-well plate and a conical tube are adopted for forming EBs from predetermined numbers of ES cells. For the production of large numbers of EBs, stirred-suspension culture using spinner flasks and bioreactors is performed. Each of these methods has its own peculiarity; thus, the features of formed EBs depending on the method used. Therefore, we should choose an appropriate method for EB formation according to the objective to be attained. In this review, we summarize the studies on in vitro differentiation of ES cells via EB formation and highlight the EB formation methods recently developed including the techniques, devices, and procedures involved.
ISSN:1389-1723
1347-4421
DOI:10.1263/jbb.103.389