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Thyroid and hypoxic stress in the newt Triturus carnifex
When specimens of the newt Triturus carnifex, under anaesthesia by submersion in a 0.2% chlorbutol solution for 25 min, are isolated in a respiratory chamber at 18°C containing water with only 1.3 ppm of oxygen, they consume the oxygen completely in about 3 hr, but they can stay alive for many more...
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Published in: | Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology Comparative experimental biology, 2006-03, Vol.305A (3), p.225-232 |
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container_title | Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology |
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creator | Frangioni, Giuliano Atzori, Antonio Balzi, Manuela Fuzzi, Giancarlo Ghinassi, Andrea Pescosolido, Nicoletta Bianchi, Stefano Borgioli, Gianfranco |
description | When specimens of the newt Triturus carnifex, under anaesthesia by submersion in a 0.2% chlorbutol solution for 25 min, are isolated in a respiratory chamber at 18°C containing water with only 1.3 ppm of oxygen, they consume the oxygen completely in about 3 hr, but they can stay alive for many more hours and wake up with no apparent exterior consequences. Hypoxia induces rapid onset of hepatic steatosis and melanosis, as well as a controlled haemolytic process involving a pool of red blood cells of the same order of size as that held as a reserve in the spleen by animals in an aerial habitat. At the origin of the phenomena is an intense response by the hypophysis, histologically detectable 1 hr from the onset of treatment and confirmed 2 hr later by a highly significant increase in the plasma thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) concentration compared with the controls (41.5±13.7 µU/L vs. 15.5±6.2; P |
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Hypoxia induces rapid onset of hepatic steatosis and melanosis, as well as a controlled haemolytic process involving a pool of red blood cells of the same order of size as that held as a reserve in the spleen by animals in an aerial habitat. At the origin of the phenomena is an intense response by the hypophysis, histologically detectable 1 hr from the onset of treatment and confirmed 2 hr later by a highly significant increase in the plasma thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) concentration compared with the controls (41.5±13.7 µU/L vs. 15.5±6.2; P<0.005). The thyroid follicles react by reabsorbing their colloid, but instead of an increase in the plasma free T3 and T4 concentrations, fT3 falls significantly (1.5±0.3 pg/mL vs., the 2.4±0.7; P<0.05), whereas fT4 remains stationary (4.0±0.5 pg/mL vs. 4.6±0.8; N.S.). After 6 hr, the plasmatic TSH concentration is still higher than in the controls (27.0±3.0 µU/L vs. 15.5±6.2; P<0.05), whereas fT3 and fT4 remain stable (1.5±0.3 and 4.4±0.5 pg/mL, respectively). If T3 or T4 labelled with 125I is administered prior to hypoxia, after 6 hr of treatment the radioactivity is found to be limited exclusively to the liver and kidney; the thyroid, gall bladder and gut result negative, and this does not agree with hypotheses of hormone inactivation by deiodination, sulphation or glucuronidation. This apparently peculiar endocrine path has not been observed in previous studies on hypoxia in vertebrates, because the experiments were always designed to analyse plasma hormone levels after at least 24 hr of hypoxia or during chronic treatments, losing the most interesting phases of the endocrine response. The possibility that the hypoxic newt possesses alternative or complementary metabolic pathways to anaerobic glycolysis to sustain steatogenesis and melanogenesis and maintain the same cardiac activity as the controls is briefly discussed. J. Exp. Zool. 305A:225–232, 2006.© 2006 WileyLiss, Inc.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1548-8969</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1932-5223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-499X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-5231</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jez.a.268</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16432885</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><subject>Animals ; Fatty Liver - blood ; Fatty Liver - metabolism ; Female ; Heart Rate - physiology ; Histocytochemistry ; Hypoxia - blood ; Hypoxia - metabolism ; Kidney - metabolism ; Male ; Melanosis - metabolism ; Pituitary Gland - metabolism ; Salamandridae ; Salamandridae - blood ; Salamandridae - metabolism ; Stress, Physiological - blood ; Stress, Physiological - etiology ; Stress, Physiological - metabolism ; Thyroid Gland - metabolism ; Thyrotropin - blood ; Thyroxine - blood ; Triiodothyronine - blood ; Triturus carnifex</subject><ispartof>Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology, 2006-03, Vol.305A (3), p.225-232</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company</rights><rights>Copyright 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432885$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Frangioni, Giuliano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Atzori, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balzi, Manuela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuzzi, Giancarlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghinassi, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pescosolido, Nicoletta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bianchi, Stefano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borgioli, Gianfranco</creatorcontrib><title>Thyroid and hypoxic stress in the newt Triturus carnifex</title><title>Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology</title><addtitle>J. Exp. Zool</addtitle><description>When specimens of the newt Triturus carnifex, under anaesthesia by submersion in a 0.2% chlorbutol solution for 25 min, are isolated in a respiratory chamber at 18°C containing water with only 1.3 ppm of oxygen, they consume the oxygen completely in about 3 hr, but they can stay alive for many more hours and wake up with no apparent exterior consequences. Hypoxia induces rapid onset of hepatic steatosis and melanosis, as well as a controlled haemolytic process involving a pool of red blood cells of the same order of size as that held as a reserve in the spleen by animals in an aerial habitat. At the origin of the phenomena is an intense response by the hypophysis, histologically detectable 1 hr from the onset of treatment and confirmed 2 hr later by a highly significant increase in the plasma thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) concentration compared with the controls (41.5±13.7 µU/L vs. 15.5±6.2; P<0.005). The thyroid follicles react by reabsorbing their colloid, but instead of an increase in the plasma free T3 and T4 concentrations, fT3 falls significantly (1.5±0.3 pg/mL vs., the 2.4±0.7; P<0.05), whereas fT4 remains stationary (4.0±0.5 pg/mL vs. 4.6±0.8; N.S.). After 6 hr, the plasmatic TSH concentration is still higher than in the controls (27.0±3.0 µU/L vs. 15.5±6.2; P<0.05), whereas fT3 and fT4 remain stable (1.5±0.3 and 4.4±0.5 pg/mL, respectively). If T3 or T4 labelled with 125I is administered prior to hypoxia, after 6 hr of treatment the radioactivity is found to be limited exclusively to the liver and kidney; the thyroid, gall bladder and gut result negative, and this does not agree with hypotheses of hormone inactivation by deiodination, sulphation or glucuronidation. This apparently peculiar endocrine path has not been observed in previous studies on hypoxia in vertebrates, because the experiments were always designed to analyse plasma hormone levels after at least 24 hr of hypoxia or during chronic treatments, losing the most interesting phases of the endocrine response. The possibility that the hypoxic newt possesses alternative or complementary metabolic pathways to anaerobic glycolysis to sustain steatogenesis and melanogenesis and maintain the same cardiac activity as the controls is briefly discussed. J. Exp. Zool. 305A:225–232, 2006.© 2006 WileyLiss, Inc.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Fatty Liver - blood</subject><subject>Fatty Liver - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart Rate - physiology</subject><subject>Histocytochemistry</subject><subject>Hypoxia - blood</subject><subject>Hypoxia - metabolism</subject><subject>Kidney - metabolism</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Melanosis - metabolism</subject><subject>Pituitary Gland - metabolism</subject><subject>Salamandridae</subject><subject>Salamandridae - blood</subject><subject>Salamandridae - metabolism</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological - blood</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological - etiology</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological - metabolism</subject><subject>Thyroid Gland - metabolism</subject><subject>Thyrotropin - blood</subject><subject>Thyroxine - blood</subject><subject>Triiodothyronine - blood</subject><subject>Triturus carnifex</subject><issn>1548-8969</issn><issn>1932-5223</issn><issn>1552-499X</issn><issn>1932-5231</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqF0MtOwkAUBuCJ0QiiC1_AdOWuOPeZLg1BvBAlBKNxM5m20zBYWpxpA_XpLQFl6eo_yflykvMDcIlgH0GIbxbmu6_7mMsj0EWM4ZBG0fvxdqYylBGPOuDM-0VLOWT0FHQQpwRLybpAzuaNK20a6CIN5s2q3Ngk8JUz3ge2CKq5CQqzroKZs1Xtah8k2hU2M5tzcJLp3JuLffbA691wNrgPxy-jh8HtOLQEcRlGgiURIixDsUlYLGScMBOnAiWcZTQTOEuJiSIsqeAJhVxTzGJNSSo0y9IYkx643t1dufKrNr5SS-sTk-e6MGXtlYACCYbQvxBD2f6PZAuv9rCOlyZVK2eX2jXqt5QWhDuwtrlpDnuotm2rtm2lVdu2ehx-tHHw1ldm8-e1-1RcEMHU2_NITSZPz2iKpgqSH2CjgGA</recordid><startdate>20060301</startdate><enddate>20060301</enddate><creator>Frangioni, Giuliano</creator><creator>Atzori, Antonio</creator><creator>Balzi, Manuela</creator><creator>Fuzzi, Giancarlo</creator><creator>Ghinassi, Andrea</creator><creator>Pescosolido, Nicoletta</creator><creator>Bianchi, Stefano</creator><creator>Borgioli, Gianfranco</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060301</creationdate><title>Thyroid and hypoxic stress in the newt Triturus carnifex</title><author>Frangioni, Giuliano ; Atzori, Antonio ; Balzi, Manuela ; Fuzzi, Giancarlo ; Ghinassi, Andrea ; Pescosolido, Nicoletta ; Bianchi, Stefano ; Borgioli, Gianfranco</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-i3168-975c9135f1bec5b78bc5ebd71c65f4f72fd3e9928476c406a425ba43d7a5fdb23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Fatty Liver - blood</topic><topic>Fatty Liver - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart Rate - physiology</topic><topic>Histocytochemistry</topic><topic>Hypoxia - blood</topic><topic>Hypoxia - metabolism</topic><topic>Kidney - metabolism</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Melanosis - metabolism</topic><topic>Pituitary Gland - metabolism</topic><topic>Salamandridae</topic><topic>Salamandridae - blood</topic><topic>Salamandridae - metabolism</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological - blood</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological - etiology</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological - metabolism</topic><topic>Thyroid Gland - metabolism</topic><topic>Thyrotropin - blood</topic><topic>Thyroxine - blood</topic><topic>Triiodothyronine - blood</topic><topic>Triturus carnifex</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Frangioni, Giuliano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Atzori, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balzi, Manuela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuzzi, Giancarlo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghinassi, Andrea</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pescosolido, Nicoletta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bianchi, Stefano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borgioli, Gianfranco</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Frangioni, Giuliano</au><au>Atzori, Antonio</au><au>Balzi, Manuela</au><au>Fuzzi, Giancarlo</au><au>Ghinassi, Andrea</au><au>Pescosolido, Nicoletta</au><au>Bianchi, Stefano</au><au>Borgioli, Gianfranco</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Thyroid and hypoxic stress in the newt Triturus carnifex</atitle><jtitle>Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology</jtitle><addtitle>J. Exp. Zool</addtitle><date>2006-03-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>305A</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>225</spage><epage>232</epage><pages>225-232</pages><issn>1548-8969</issn><issn>1932-5223</issn><eissn>1552-499X</eissn><eissn>1932-5231</eissn><abstract>When specimens of the newt Triturus carnifex, under anaesthesia by submersion in a 0.2% chlorbutol solution for 25 min, are isolated in a respiratory chamber at 18°C containing water with only 1.3 ppm of oxygen, they consume the oxygen completely in about 3 hr, but they can stay alive for many more hours and wake up with no apparent exterior consequences. Hypoxia induces rapid onset of hepatic steatosis and melanosis, as well as a controlled haemolytic process involving a pool of red blood cells of the same order of size as that held as a reserve in the spleen by animals in an aerial habitat. At the origin of the phenomena is an intense response by the hypophysis, histologically detectable 1 hr from the onset of treatment and confirmed 2 hr later by a highly significant increase in the plasma thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) concentration compared with the controls (41.5±13.7 µU/L vs. 15.5±6.2; P<0.005). The thyroid follicles react by reabsorbing their colloid, but instead of an increase in the plasma free T3 and T4 concentrations, fT3 falls significantly (1.5±0.3 pg/mL vs., the 2.4±0.7; P<0.05), whereas fT4 remains stationary (4.0±0.5 pg/mL vs. 4.6±0.8; N.S.). After 6 hr, the plasmatic TSH concentration is still higher than in the controls (27.0±3.0 µU/L vs. 15.5±6.2; P<0.05), whereas fT3 and fT4 remain stable (1.5±0.3 and 4.4±0.5 pg/mL, respectively). If T3 or T4 labelled with 125I is administered prior to hypoxia, after 6 hr of treatment the radioactivity is found to be limited exclusively to the liver and kidney; the thyroid, gall bladder and gut result negative, and this does not agree with hypotheses of hormone inactivation by deiodination, sulphation or glucuronidation. This apparently peculiar endocrine path has not been observed in previous studies on hypoxia in vertebrates, because the experiments were always designed to analyse plasma hormone levels after at least 24 hr of hypoxia or during chronic treatments, losing the most interesting phases of the endocrine response. The possibility that the hypoxic newt possesses alternative or complementary metabolic pathways to anaerobic glycolysis to sustain steatogenesis and melanogenesis and maintain the same cardiac activity as the controls is briefly discussed. J. Exp. Zool. 305A:225–232, 2006.© 2006 WileyLiss, Inc.</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</pub><pmid>16432885</pmid><doi>10.1002/jez.a.268</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Fatty Liver - blood Fatty Liver - metabolism Female Heart Rate - physiology Histocytochemistry Hypoxia - blood Hypoxia - metabolism Kidney - metabolism Male Melanosis - metabolism Pituitary Gland - metabolism Salamandridae Salamandridae - blood Salamandridae - metabolism Stress, Physiological - blood Stress, Physiological - etiology Stress, Physiological - metabolism Thyroid Gland - metabolism Thyrotropin - blood Thyroxine - blood Triiodothyronine - blood Triturus carnifex |
title | Thyroid and hypoxic stress in the newt Triturus carnifex |
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