Sensory Stimuli Directly Acting at the Central Nervous System Regulate Gastric Ghrelin Secretion. An ex Vivo Organ Culture Study

Ghrelin, a novel gastrointestinal hormone involved in GH regulation, has been postulated as a relevant orexigenic peptide released by splanchnic tissues. Descriptive studies have shown that plasma ghrelin levels increase in states of negative energy balance or fasting, while decreasing in obesity an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Endocrinology (Philadelphia) 2007-08, Vol.148 (8), p.3998-4006
Main Authors: Seoane, Luisa M, Al-Massadi, Omar, Caminos, J. Eduardo, Tovar, Sulay A, Dieguez, Carlos, Casanueva, Felipe F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Atropine
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Central nervous system
Eating
Energy balance
Explants
Fasting
Fasting - physiology
Food Deprivation - physiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastric Mucosa - metabolism
Gastric Mucosa - secretion
Gene expression
Ghrelin
Growth hormones
Insulin - blood
Odorants
Organ culture
Organ Culture Techniques
Peptide Hormones - blood
Peptide Hormones - secretion
Perception
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Secretion
Sensory stimuli
Stomach - innervation
Stomach - metabolism
Tissue culture
Vagotomy
Vagus Nerve - physiology
Vertebrates: endocrinology
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Summary:Ghrelin, a novel gastrointestinal hormone involved in GH regulation, has been postulated as a relevant orexigenic peptide released by splanchnic tissues. Descriptive studies have shown that plasma ghrelin levels increase in states of negative energy balance or fasting, while decreasing in obesity and after feeding. In the present study, a novel organ-culture model of gastric tissue explants obtained from rat donors has been validated for ex vivo experiments. Fasting induced gastric ghrelin release as well as ghrelin mRNA expression that were reflected in plasma. Interestingly, those changes were fully reverted by 15 min of refeeding before stomach extraction. Unexpectedly, when animals were allowed 15 min before explant extraction to see or smell, but not eat, the food (tease feeding), ghrelin secretion was suppressed just like in gastric explants from refed animals. This effect was blocked when the animals were subjected to surgical vagotomy or treated with atropine sulphate. In conclusion, gastric explants were a suitable model for testing ghrelin mechanism of secretion in vitro, and they were found to maintain memory of the previously received signals. Similar to feeding, tease feeding resulted in suppression of ghrelin discharge by explants.
ISSN:0013-7227
1945-7170
DOI:10.1210/en.2007-0226