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Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in humans to the NSP4 enterotoxin of rotavirus

Rotavirus nonstructural protein NSP4 has recently been suggested to function as a viral enterotoxin and play a role in the pathophysiological mechanism whereby rotaviruses induce diarrhea. The ability of rotavirus NSP4 to stimulate a humoral immune response was examined in naturally infected childre...

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Published in:Journal of medical virology 1999-11, Vol.59 (3), p.369-377
Main Authors: Johansen, Kari, Hinkula, Jorma, Espinoza, Felix, Levi, Mikael, Zeng, Carl, Rudén, Ulla, Vesikari, Timo, Estes, Mary, Svensson, Lennart
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creator Johansen, Kari
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Levi, Mikael
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Svensson, Lennart
description Rotavirus nonstructural protein NSP4 has recently been suggested to function as a viral enterotoxin and play a role in the pathophysiological mechanism whereby rotaviruses induce diarrhea. The ability of rotavirus NSP4 to stimulate a humoral immune response was examined in naturally infected children and adults, rotavirus vaccinated children, as well as a cellular immune response in adults. In this study, 10 of 10 naturally infected children and 9 of 10 rotavirus‐vaccinated children showed a weak humoral IgG immune response to recombinant NSP4 (rNSP4) and/or a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 114–134 of NSP4. Modest serum IgG antibody responses were detected in 20 of 20 adults. A cellular immune response to rNSP4 and/or NSP4114–134 were detected in 8 of 10 adults measured either as a T‐cell proliferative response (7 of 10), an increased production of IL‐2 (6 of 10), or increased production of interferon‐γ (8 of 10). These results indicate that NSP4 induces a humoral immune response in humans and show for the first time that NSP4 stimulates a cellular immune response, possibly including cytolytic T‐cells. J. Med. Virol. 59:369–377, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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subjects Adult
Antibodies, Viral - blood
B- and T-cell responses
Biological and medical sciences
DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
enterotoxin
Finland
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
human
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immunity, Cellular - immunology
Immunoglobulin A - blood
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Infant
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Nicaragua
NSP4
Recombinant Proteins - biosynthesis
Recombinant Proteins - immunology
Replicative cycle, interference, host-virus relations, pathogenicity, miscellaneous strains
Rotavirus - chemistry
Rotavirus - immunology
Rotavirus Infections - immunology
Rotavirus Infections - virology
Sweden
T-Lymphocytes - metabolism
toxic peptide
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the digestive system
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - biosynthesis
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - immunology
Virology
title Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in humans to the NSP4 enterotoxin of rotavirus
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