Isthmus organizer for mesencephalon and metencephalon

The vertebrate central nervous system is elaborated from a simple neural tube. Brain vesicles formation is the first sign of regionalization. Classical transplantation using quail and chick embryos revealed that the mesencephalon-metencephalon boundary (isthmus) functions as an organizer of the mese...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Development, growth & differentiation growth & differentiation, 2008-06, Vol.50 (s1), p.S113-S118
Main Authors: Nakamura, Harukazu, Sato, Tatsuya, Suzuki-Hirano, Asuka
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
cerebellum
Cerebellum - embryology
Chick Embryo
Developmental Biology - methods
Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism
Fgf8
Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
isthmus organizer
Mesencephalon - metabolism
Mesencephalon - physiology
Metencephalon - metabolism
Metencephalon - physiology
Models, Anatomic
Models, Biological
Neural Crest - embryology
Quail
ras Proteins - metabolism
Ras-ERK pathway
tectum
Transcription Factors - metabolism
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Summary:The vertebrate central nervous system is elaborated from a simple neural tube. Brain vesicles formation is the first sign of regionalization. Classical transplantation using quail and chick embryos revealed that the mesencephalon-metencephalon boundary (isthmus) functions as an organizer of the mesencephalon and metencephalon. Fgf8 is accepted as a main organizing molecule of the isthmus. Strong Fgf8 signal activates the Ras-ERK signaling pathway to differentiate the cerebellum. In this review, the historical background of the means of identifying the isthmus organizer and the molecular mechanisms of signal transduction for tectum and cerebellum differentiation is reviewed.
ISSN:0012-1592
1440-169X
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-169x.2008.00995.x