Plexins Are a Large Family of Receptors for Transmembrane, Secreted, and GPI-Anchored Semaphorins in Vertebrates

In Drosophila, plexin A is a functional receptor for semaphorin-1a. Here we show that the human plexin gene family comprises at least nine members in four subfamilies. Plexin-B1 is a receptor for the transmembrane semaphorin Sema4D (CD100), and plexin-C1 is a receptor for the GPI-anchored semaphorin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell 1999-10, Vol.99 (1), p.71-80
Main Authors: Tamagnone, Luca, Artigiani, Stefania, Chen, Hang, He, Zhigang, Ming, Guo-li, Song, Hong-jun, Chedotal, Alain, Winberg, Margaret L., Goodman, Corey S., Poo, Mu-ming, Tessier-Lavigne, Marc, Comoglio, Paolo M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3T3 Cells
Animals
Cell Communication - physiology
Cells, Cultured
COS Cells
Cytoplasm - metabolism
Gene Expression - physiology
Glycosylphosphatidylinositols - metabolism
Humans
Kidney - cytology
Mesoderm - cytology
Mice
Microscopy, Video
Molecular Sequence Data
Multigene Family
Nerve Tissue Proteins - chemistry
Nerve Tissue Proteins - genetics
Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism
Neurons - chemistry
Neurons - cytology
Neurons - metabolism
neuropilin
Neuropilin-1
Phosphorylation
plexin A1
plexin B1
plexin C1
plexins
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met - metabolism
Receptors, Cell Surface - chemistry
Receptors, Cell Surface - genetics
Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism
semaphorin 3A
semaphorin 7A
semaphorins
Signal Transduction - physiology
Transfection
Tyrosine - metabolism
Vertebrates
Xenopus
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Summary:In Drosophila, plexin A is a functional receptor for semaphorin-1a. Here we show that the human plexin gene family comprises at least nine members in four subfamilies. Plexin-B1 is a receptor for the transmembrane semaphorin Sema4D (CD100), and plexin-C1 is a receptor for the GPI-anchored semaphorin Sema7A (Sema-K1). Secreted (class 3) semaphorins do not bind directly to plexins, but rather plexins associate with neuropilins, coreceptors for these semaphorins. Plexins are widely expressed: in neurons, the expression of a truncated plexin-A1 protein blocks axon repulsion by Sema3A. The cytoplasmic domain of plexins associates with a tyrosine kinase activity. Plexins may also act as ligands mediating repulsion in epithelial cells in vitro. We conclude that plexins are receptors for multiple (and perhaps all) classes of semaphorins, either alone or in combination with neuropilins, and trigger a novel signal transduction pathway controlling cell repulsion.
ISSN:0092-8674
1097-4172
DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80063-X