Opacification of the urinary tract in portal venous spiral CT without delayed scans

• Published in: European radiology 1999-01, Vol.9 (8), p.1579-1585
• Main Authors: Dinkel, H, Moll, R, Fieger, M, Knüpffer, J, Schindler, G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Contrast Media - administration & dosage; Humans; Iopamidol; Kidney - diagnostic imaging; Liver - diagnostic imaging; Lung cancer; Male; Middle Aged; Portal Vein - diagnostic imaging; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods; Ureter - diagnostic imaging; Urogenital system
• ISSN: 0938-7994; 1432-1084
• DOI: 10.1007/s003300050888

In portal venous spiral CT there is no visible renal contrast excretion within the usual period of scanning. To opacify collecting systems additional delayed scanning is required. We administered an extra pre-dose of contrast medium before the main portal venous bolus in order to opacify the urinary tract and studied its effects on liver attenuation. In 32 patients examined first by non-contrast spiral CT 20 ml of a non-ionic IV CM were injected. Five minutes later, orientating cuts in the liver and along the urinary tract were obtained. Immediately thereafter, a 120-ml bolus was administered at 3 ml/s for portal venous phase helical CT (60-s delay craniocaudad). The quality of renal excretion was graded visually (excellent, fair, poor, none). Hepatic attenuation measurements were performed at comparable regions of interest. In all patients 20 ml CM opacified the renal pelvis after 5 min. Depiction of the ureters was excellent in 14, fair in 11 and poor or none in 7 cases. There was little effect on mean hepatic attenuation by the 20-ml pre-bolus after 5 min: mean enhancement 2.3 HU (range -0.6 to 7.8 HU). Mean hepatic enhancement after the 120-ml portal venous bolus ranged between 23.6 and 74.1 HU (mean 51.5 HU). When opacification of the urinary tract is necessary, pre-administration of a 20-ml bolus 5 min before portal venous scanning may save an extra delayed spiral. The effects on hepatic enhancement are negligible.