Release of Lipids during Yeast Autolysis in a Model Wine System

The release of lipids during the aging of sparkling wines in contact with yeast can influence wine sensory attributes and, especially, foam characteristics. Model systems allow study of the autolysis process in a reasonable period of time compared to natural conditions, at which it can last several...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2000-01, Vol.48 (1), p.116-122
Main Authors: Pueyo, Encarnación, Martínez-Rodríguez, Adolfo, Polo, M. Carmen, Santa-María, Guillermo, Bartolomé, Begoña
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autolysis
Biological and medical sciences
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fermented food industries
Food industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Lipid Metabolism
Wine
Wines and vinegars
Yeasts - metabolism
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Summary:The release of lipids during the aging of sparkling wines in contact with yeast can influence wine sensory attributes and, especially, foam characteristics. Model systems allow study of the autolysis process in a reasonable period of time compared to natural conditions, at which it can last several months. In this paper, the release of the different classes of lipids during the autolysis of three commercial yeast strains in a model wine medium has been monitored. Due to the absence of accurate quantitative methods, an HPLC method for separating and quantifying the different neutral and polar yeast lipid classes was developed. Lipids were eluted through a YMC PVA-Sil column with a complex solvent mixture. Detection was carried out with a light-scattering detector. The yeasts were suspended in the model wine buffer and incubated at 30 °C for up to 12 days. A release of triacylglycerols, 1,3-diacylglycerols, 2-monoacylglycerols, free fatty acids, sterol esters, and sterols was observed over the first 2 days, a period that corresponded to the maximum loss of yeast viability. A decrease in most of these lipids was observed from day 2, possibly indicative of the release of yeast hydrolytic enzymes due to the breakdown of the cell wall. Phospholipids were not detected in any of the autolysates. The mean lipid content in the autolysates as a percentage of the total lipid content in the yeasts was 8.6% for sterol esters, 3.8% for sterols, 2% for triacylglycerols, and
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf990036e