Neurological bases for balance–anxiety links

This review paper examines neurologic bases of links between balance control and anxiety based upon neural circuits that are shared by pathways that mediate autonomic control, vestibulo-autonomic interactions, and anxiety. The core of this circuitry is a parabrachial nucleus network, consisting of t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of anxiety disorders 2001, Vol.15 (1), p.53-79
Main Authors: Balaban, Carey D, Thayer, Julian F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agoraphobia
Anxiety disorder
Anxiety Disorders - complications
Anxiety Disorders - drug therapy
Autonomic Nervous System - drug effects
Autonomic Nervous System - physiopathology
Balance disorder
Emotions
Humans
Models, Neurological
Monoamines
Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism
Neurotransmitter Agents - pharmacology
Postural Balance
Space life sciences
Vertigo
Vestibular Diseases - complications
Vestibular Diseases - drug therapy
Vestibular system
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Summary:This review paper examines neurologic bases of links between balance control and anxiety based upon neural circuits that are shared by pathways that mediate autonomic control, vestibulo-autonomic interactions, and anxiety. The core of this circuitry is a parabrachial nucleus network, consisting of the parabrachial nucleus and its reciprocal relationships with the extended central amygdaloid nucleus, infralimbic cortex, and hypothalamus. Specifically, the parabrachial nucleus is a site of convergence of vestibular information processing and somatic and visceral sensory information processing in pathways that appear to be involved in avoidance conditioning, anxiety, and conditioned fear. Monoaminergic influences on these pathways are potential modulators of both effects of vigilance and anxiety on balance control and the development of anxiety and panic. This neurologic schema provides a unifying framework for investigating the neurologic bases for comorbidity of balance disorders and anxiety.
ISSN:0887-6185
1873-7897
DOI:10.1016/S0887-6185(00)00042-6