Genital Tract Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Shedding and Inflammation and HIV-1 env Diversity in Perinatal HIV-1 Transmission

This study sought to identify genital tract characteristics associated with vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). HIV-1 DNA and RNA, HIV-1 env diversity, and inflammatory cells were quantified in cervicovaginal lavages (CVLs) of 24 women enrolled in the Women and Infa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2000-02, Vol.181 (2), p.555-563
Main Authors: Panther, L. A., Tucker, L., Xu, C., Tuomala, R. E., Mullins, J. I., Anderson, D. J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AIDS/HIV
Biological and medical sciences
Cervix Uteri - immunology
Cervix Uteri - virology
Cohort Studies
Disease transmission
DNA
DNA, Viral - analysis
env gene
Female
Gene Products, env - genetics
Genetic Variation
Genitalia
Genitalia, Female - virology
HIV
HIV 1
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV Infections - transmission
HIV Infections - virology
HIV-1 - genetics
HIV-1 - physiology
Human immunodeficiency virus 1
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Infectious diseases
Major Articles
Medical sciences
Neutrophils - immunology
Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes - analysis
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology
Proviruses
RNA
RNA, Viral - analysis
Transmitters
Vagina - immunology
Vagina - virology
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
Viral Load
Virus Shedding
Viruses
Women
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Summary:This study sought to identify genital tract characteristics associated with vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). HIV-1 DNA and RNA, HIV-1 env diversity, and inflammatory cells were quantified in cervicovaginal lavages (CVLs) of 24 women enrolled in the Women and Infants Transmission Study; 7 women transmitted HIV-1 perinatally. Vaginal candidiasis, HIV-1 culture positivity, levels of HIV-1 DNA and cell-free RNA, and HIV-1 env diversity were significantly higher in the CVLs of transmitters. CVL HIV-1 DNA levels correlated with higher levels of inflammatory cells and cell-free HIV-1 RNA. Of subjects with paired blood and CVL specimens, there was more HIV-1 env heterogeneity between blood and CVLs in transmitters than in nontransmitters. In summary, increased HIV-1 shedding is correlated with a more complex population of HIV-1 quasispecies in the genital tracts of parturient women, which may increase the probability that a fetotropic strain is transmitted.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/315230