Nervous system proteoglycans as modulators of neurite outgrowth

The proteoglycans are multifunctional macromolecules composed of a core polypeptide and a variable number of glycosaminoglycan chains. The structural diversity and complexities of proteoglycan expression in the developing and adult Nervous System underlies the variety of biological functions that th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Progress in neurobiology 2000-06, Vol.61 (2), p.113-132
Main Authors: Bovolenta, P, Fernaud-Espinosa, I
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brain Chemistry
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans - chemistry
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans - physiology
Dermatan Sulfate - chemistry
Dermatan Sulfate - physiology
Extracellular Matrix - chemistry
Glycosaminoglycans - chemistry
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans - chemistry
Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans - physiology
Humans
Nerve Regeneration
Nerve Tissue Proteins - chemistry
Nerve Tissue Proteins - physiology
Neurites - physiology
Neurites - ultrastructure
Proteoglycans - chemistry
Proteoglycans - physiology
Rats
Vertebrates - metabolism
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Summary:The proteoglycans are multifunctional macromolecules composed of a core polypeptide and a variable number of glycosaminoglycan chains. The structural diversity and complexities of proteoglycan expression in the developing and adult Nervous System underlies the variety of biological functions that these molecules fulfill. Thus, in the Nervous System, proteoglycans regulate the structural organisation of the extracellular matrix, modulate growth factor activities and cellular adhesive and motility events, such as cell migration and axon outgrowth. This review summarises the evidences indicating that proteoglycans have an important role as modulators of neurite outgrowth and neuronal polarity. Special emphasis will be placed on those studies that have shown that proteoglycans of certain subtypes inhibit neurite extension either during the development and/or the regeneration of the vertebrate Central Nervous System.
ISSN:0301-0082
DOI:10.1016/S0301-0082(99)00044-1