Interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 act on glomerular visceral epithelial cells

• Published in: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2000-03, Vol.11 (3), p.413-422
• Main Authors: VAN DEN BERG, J. G, ATEN, J, CHAND, M. A, CLAESSEN, N, DIJKINK, L, WIJDENES, J, LAKKIS, F. G, WEENING, J. J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Cell Line; Electric Conductivity; Electric Impedance; Epithelial Cells - drug effects; Epithelial Cells - physiology; Epithelial Cells - ultrastructure; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Interleukin-13 - pharmacology; Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha1 Subunit; Interleukin-4 - pharmacology; Kidney Glomerulus - cytology; Kidney Glomerulus - drug effects; Kidney Glomerulus - physiology; Kidney Glomerulus - ultrastructure; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - metabolism; Macromolecular Substances; Medical sciences; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; Nephropathies. Renovascular diseases. Renal failure; Permeability; Phosphorylation; Rats; Receptors, Interleukin - metabolism; Receptors, Interleukin-13; Receptors, Interleukin-4 - metabolism; Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology; STAT6 Transcription Factor; Trans-Activators - metabolism
• ISSN: 1046-6673; 1533-3450
• DOI: 10.1681/ASN.V113413

In minimal change nephrosis (MCN), proteinuria is associated with structural changes of the glomerular visceral epithelial cells (GVEC). The occurrence of MCN has been associated with 2 lymphocyte-dependent conditions. To examine a direct role for type 2 cytokines in GVEC injury, the expression of interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 receptors by GVEC and direct effects of IL-4 and IL-13 on GVEC were studied. Reverse transcription-PCR showed that isolated human and rat glomeruli and cultured human and rat GVEC expressed mRNA for IL-4Ralpha, IL-13Ralpha1, and IL-13Ralpha2. Protein expression of [L-4Ralpha and IL-13Ralpha2 by GVEC in human kidney biopsies and by cultured human GVEC was detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blotting demonstrated phosphorylation of STAT6 in cultured GVEC upon incubation with IL-4 or IL-13. This indicated signal transduction via the heterodimeric receptor complex IL-4R2, which is composed of the IL-4Ralpha and the IL-13Ralpha1. Direct effects on GVEC function were examined in monolayer experiments. IL-4 and IL-13 dose-dependently decreased transepithelial electrical resistance of monolayers of rat GVEC to approximately 30 and 40% of baseline values, respectively. The transepithelial electrical resistance decrease was associated with a significant increase in short-circuit current, whereas no changes were observed in the transmonolayer flux of the macromolecules horseradish peroxidase (molecular weight, 44 kD) and 14C-mannitol (molecular weight, 182 Da). No changes in cell structure were observed with electron microscopy. It is concluded that by binding to specific IL-4/ IL-13 receptors, IL-4 and IL-13 can exert specific effects on GVEC function, which could be of pathogenetic relevance for glomerular injury in MCN.