Gas chromatographic characterization of vegetable oil deodorization distillate

Because of its complex nature, the analysis of deodorizer distillate is a challenging problem. Deodorizer distillate obtained from the deodorization process of vegetable oils consists of many components including free fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, squalene and neutral oil. A gas chromatographic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Chromatography A 2001-07, Vol.921 (2), p.277-285
Main Authors: Verleyen, T., Verhe, R., Garcia, L., Dewettinck, K., Huyghebaert, A., De Greyt, W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Chromatography, Gas - methods
Fat industries
Fatty acids
Food industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hot Temperature
Plant Oils - chemistry
Reproducibility of Results
Sterols
Sterols - analysis
Tocopherols
Vitamins
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Summary:Because of its complex nature, the analysis of deodorizer distillate is a challenging problem. Deodorizer distillate obtained from the deodorization process of vegetable oils consists of many components including free fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, squalene and neutral oil. A gas chromatographic method for the analysis of deodorizer distillate without saponification of the sample is described. After a concise sample preparation including derivatization and silylation, distillate samples were injected on column at 60°C followed by a gradual increase of the oven temperature towards 340°C. The temperature profile of the oven was optimized in order to obtain a baseline separation of the different distillate components including free fatty acids, tocopherols, sterols, squalene and neutral oil. Good recoveries for δ-tocopherol, α-tocopherol, stigmasterol and cholesteryl palmitate of 97, 94.4, 95.6 and 92%, respectively were obtained. Repeatability of the described gas chromatographic method was evaluated by analyzing five replicates of a soybean distillate. Tocopherols and sterols had low relative standard deviations ranging between 1.67 and 2.25%. Squalene, mono- and diacylglycerides had higher relative standard deviations ranging between 3.33 and 4.12%. Several industrial deodorizer distillates obtained from chemical and physical refining of corn, canola, sunflower and soybean have been analyzed for their composition.
ISSN:0021-9673
DOI:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)00881-0