Loading…
UV Photolysis of Nitrate: Effects of Natural Organic Matter and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Implications for UV Water Disinfection
Nitrite (NO2 -) formation during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis of nitrate was studied as a function of pH and natural organic matter (NOM) concentration to determine water-quality effects on quantum yields and overall formation potential during UV disinfection of drinking water with polychromatic, med...
Saved in:
Published in: | Environmental science & technology 2001-07, Vol.35 (14), p.2949-2955 |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a449t-de8bc640905da0b20c7eb3b1afac22a82d9db6cd5b83305762977f51205f1b163 |
---|---|
cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a449t-de8bc640905da0b20c7eb3b1afac22a82d9db6cd5b83305762977f51205f1b163 |
container_end_page | 2955 |
container_issue | 14 |
container_start_page | 2949 |
container_title | Environmental science & technology |
container_volume | 35 |
creator | Sharpless, Charles M Linden, Karl G |
description | Nitrite (NO2 -) formation during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis of nitrate was studied as a function of pH and natural organic matter (NOM) concentration to determine water-quality effects on quantum yields and overall formation potential during UV disinfection of drinking water with polychromatic, medium-pressure (MP) Hg lamps. Quantum yields measured at 228 nm are approximately 2 times higher than at 254 nm under all conditions studied. In the absence of NOM, NO2 - quantum yields decrease with time. With addition of NOM, initial quantum yields increase, and the time-dependent decrease is eliminated. At 15 ppm dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as NOM, the quantum yield increases with time. Dissolved inorganic carbon significantly decreases NO2 - yields at pH 8 but not pH 6, presumably by reaction of CO2(aq) with peroxynitrite, a major intermediate in NO2 - formation. The results indicate important and previously unrecognized roles for NOM and CO2(aq) in nitrate photolysis. When photolysis was carried out using the full spectrum MPUV lamp and germicidally relevant UV doses, NO2 - concentrations remained well below the U.S. maximum contaminant level of 1 ppm N, even with nitrate initially present at 10 ppm N. Under current U.S. regulations, NO2 - formation should not pose a significant problem for water utilities during UV disinfection of drinking water with MP Hg lamps. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es002043l |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_71057905</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>14580785</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a449t-de8bc640905da0b20c7eb3b1afac22a82d9db6cd5b83305762977f51205f1b163</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkc1u1DAUhSMEokNhwQsgCwkkFgH_xLHDDk1bGGhppU6BnXXjOOA2Ew-2g-iOJX3NPgkOE3UkWMDKks93zvX1ybKHBD8nmJIXJmBMccG6W9mMcIpzLjm5nc0wJiyvWPlpJ7sXwjlOFMPybrZDSCEkLcQs-3n2AZ18cdF1l8EG5Fr03kYP0by8_nGF9tvW6Li5hjh46NCx_wy91egIYjQeQd-gPRuC676ZBi16N8lz8LXrf8uL1bqzGqJ1fUCt8yiN_AijORltP05I0v3sTgtdMA-mczc7O9hfzt_kh8evF_NXhzkURRXzxshalwWuMG8A1xRrYWpWE2hBUwqSNlVTl7rhtWQMc1HSSoiWE4p5S2pSst3s6SZ37d3XwYSoVjZo03XQGzcEJUhypfR_gkQSyaX4D7DgEgs5go__AM_d4Pu0rUq9kFKkRhL0bANp70LwplVrb1fgLxXBamxb3bSd2EdT4FCvTLMlp3oT8GQCIGjoWg-9tmHLFVhKysZPyTecDdF8v9HBX6hSMMHV8uRU4aN3p-zt8kDtbXNBh-0Sfz_wF_04zTk</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>230167247</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>UV Photolysis of Nitrate: Effects of Natural Organic Matter and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Implications for UV Water Disinfection</title><source>American Chemical Society:Jisc Collections:American Chemical Society Read & Publish Agreement 2022-2024 (Reading list)</source><creator>Sharpless, Charles M ; Linden, Karl G</creator><creatorcontrib>Sharpless, Charles M ; Linden, Karl G</creatorcontrib><description>Nitrite (NO2 -) formation during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis of nitrate was studied as a function of pH and natural organic matter (NOM) concentration to determine water-quality effects on quantum yields and overall formation potential during UV disinfection of drinking water with polychromatic, medium-pressure (MP) Hg lamps. Quantum yields measured at 228 nm are approximately 2 times higher than at 254 nm under all conditions studied. In the absence of NOM, NO2 - quantum yields decrease with time. With addition of NOM, initial quantum yields increase, and the time-dependent decrease is eliminated. At 15 ppm dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as NOM, the quantum yield increases with time. Dissolved inorganic carbon significantly decreases NO2 - yields at pH 8 but not pH 6, presumably by reaction of CO2(aq) with peroxynitrite, a major intermediate in NO2 - formation. The results indicate important and previously unrecognized roles for NOM and CO2(aq) in nitrate photolysis. When photolysis was carried out using the full spectrum MPUV lamp and germicidally relevant UV doses, NO2 - concentrations remained well below the U.S. maximum contaminant level of 1 ppm N, even with nitrate initially present at 10 ppm N. Under current U.S. regulations, NO2 - formation should not pose a significant problem for water utilities during UV disinfection of drinking water with MP Hg lamps.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es002043l</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11478247</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Applied sciences ; Carbon ; Carbon - analysis ; Disinfection - methods ; Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination ; Environmental impact ; Exact sciences and technology ; Mercury ; Nitrates ; Nitrates - analysis ; Nitrates - chemistry ; Photolysis ; Pollution ; Pressure ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Ultraviolet Rays ; USA ; Water ; Water Purification ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2001-07, Vol.35 (14), p.2949-2955</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2001 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Jul 15, 2001</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a449t-de8bc640905da0b20c7eb3b1afac22a82d9db6cd5b83305762977f51205f1b163</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a449t-de8bc640905da0b20c7eb3b1afac22a82d9db6cd5b83305762977f51205f1b163</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14088236$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11478247$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sharpless, Charles M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Linden, Karl G</creatorcontrib><title>UV Photolysis of Nitrate: Effects of Natural Organic Matter and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Implications for UV Water Disinfection</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>Nitrite (NO2 -) formation during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis of nitrate was studied as a function of pH and natural organic matter (NOM) concentration to determine water-quality effects on quantum yields and overall formation potential during UV disinfection of drinking water with polychromatic, medium-pressure (MP) Hg lamps. Quantum yields measured at 228 nm are approximately 2 times higher than at 254 nm under all conditions studied. In the absence of NOM, NO2 - quantum yields decrease with time. With addition of NOM, initial quantum yields increase, and the time-dependent decrease is eliminated. At 15 ppm dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as NOM, the quantum yield increases with time. Dissolved inorganic carbon significantly decreases NO2 - yields at pH 8 but not pH 6, presumably by reaction of CO2(aq) with peroxynitrite, a major intermediate in NO2 - formation. The results indicate important and previously unrecognized roles for NOM and CO2(aq) in nitrate photolysis. When photolysis was carried out using the full spectrum MPUV lamp and germicidally relevant UV doses, NO2 - concentrations remained well below the U.S. maximum contaminant level of 1 ppm N, even with nitrate initially present at 10 ppm N. Under current U.S. regulations, NO2 - formation should not pose a significant problem for water utilities during UV disinfection of drinking water with MP Hg lamps.</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon - analysis</subject><subject>Disinfection - methods</subject><subject>Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Mercury</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrates - analysis</subject><subject>Nitrates - chemistry</subject><subject>Photolysis</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pressure</subject><subject>Ultraviolet radiation</subject><subject>Ultraviolet Rays</subject><subject>USA</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water Purification</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkc1u1DAUhSMEokNhwQsgCwkkFgH_xLHDDk1bGGhppU6BnXXjOOA2Ew-2g-iOJX3NPgkOE3UkWMDKks93zvX1ybKHBD8nmJIXJmBMccG6W9mMcIpzLjm5nc0wJiyvWPlpJ7sXwjlOFMPybrZDSCEkLcQs-3n2AZ18cdF1l8EG5Fr03kYP0by8_nGF9tvW6Li5hjh46NCx_wy91egIYjQeQd-gPRuC676ZBi16N8lz8LXrf8uL1bqzGqJ1fUCt8yiN_AijORltP05I0v3sTgtdMA-mczc7O9hfzt_kh8evF_NXhzkURRXzxshalwWuMG8A1xRrYWpWE2hBUwqSNlVTl7rhtWQMc1HSSoiWE4p5S2pSst3s6SZ37d3XwYSoVjZo03XQGzcEJUhypfR_gkQSyaX4D7DgEgs5go__AM_d4Pu0rUq9kFKkRhL0bANp70LwplVrb1fgLxXBamxb3bSd2EdT4FCvTLMlp3oT8GQCIGjoWg-9tmHLFVhKysZPyTecDdF8v9HBX6hSMMHV8uRU4aN3p-zt8kDtbXNBh-0Sfz_wF_04zTk</recordid><startdate>20010715</startdate><enddate>20010715</enddate><creator>Sharpless, Charles M</creator><creator>Linden, Karl G</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20010715</creationdate><title>UV Photolysis of Nitrate: Effects of Natural Organic Matter and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Implications for UV Water Disinfection</title><author>Sharpless, Charles M ; Linden, Karl G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a449t-de8bc640905da0b20c7eb3b1afac22a82d9db6cd5b83305762977f51205f1b163</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Carbon - analysis</topic><topic>Disinfection - methods</topic><topic>Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination</topic><topic>Environmental impact</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Mercury</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrates - analysis</topic><topic>Nitrates - chemistry</topic><topic>Photolysis</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pressure</topic><topic>Ultraviolet radiation</topic><topic>Ultraviolet Rays</topic><topic>USA</topic><topic>Water</topic><topic>Water Purification</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sharpless, Charles M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Linden, Karl G</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sharpless, Charles M</au><au>Linden, Karl G</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>UV Photolysis of Nitrate: Effects of Natural Organic Matter and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Implications for UV Water Disinfection</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2001-07-15</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>14</issue><spage>2949</spage><epage>2955</epage><pages>2949-2955</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>Nitrite (NO2 -) formation during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis of nitrate was studied as a function of pH and natural organic matter (NOM) concentration to determine water-quality effects on quantum yields and overall formation potential during UV disinfection of drinking water with polychromatic, medium-pressure (MP) Hg lamps. Quantum yields measured at 228 nm are approximately 2 times higher than at 254 nm under all conditions studied. In the absence of NOM, NO2 - quantum yields decrease with time. With addition of NOM, initial quantum yields increase, and the time-dependent decrease is eliminated. At 15 ppm dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as NOM, the quantum yield increases with time. Dissolved inorganic carbon significantly decreases NO2 - yields at pH 8 but not pH 6, presumably by reaction of CO2(aq) with peroxynitrite, a major intermediate in NO2 - formation. The results indicate important and previously unrecognized roles for NOM and CO2(aq) in nitrate photolysis. When photolysis was carried out using the full spectrum MPUV lamp and germicidally relevant UV doses, NO2 - concentrations remained well below the U.S. maximum contaminant level of 1 ppm N, even with nitrate initially present at 10 ppm N. Under current U.S. regulations, NO2 - formation should not pose a significant problem for water utilities during UV disinfection of drinking water with MP Hg lamps.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>11478247</pmid><doi>10.1021/es002043l</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0013-936X |
ispartof | Environmental science & technology, 2001-07, Vol.35 (14), p.2949-2955 |
issn | 0013-936X 1520-5851 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_71057905 |
source | American Chemical Society:Jisc Collections:American Chemical Society Read & Publish Agreement 2022-2024 (Reading list) |
subjects | Applied sciences Carbon Carbon - analysis Disinfection - methods Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination Environmental impact Exact sciences and technology Mercury Nitrates Nitrates - analysis Nitrates - chemistry Photolysis Pollution Pressure Ultraviolet radiation Ultraviolet Rays USA Water Water Purification Water treatment and pollution |
title | UV Photolysis of Nitrate: Effects of Natural Organic Matter and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Implications for UV Water Disinfection |
url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-23T23%3A30%3A16IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=UV%20Photolysis%20of%20Nitrate:%E2%80%89%20Effects%20of%20Natural%20Organic%20Matter%20and%20Dissolved%20Inorganic%20Carbon%20and%20Implications%20for%20UV%20Water%20Disinfection&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20science%20&%20technology&rft.au=Sharpless,%20Charles%20M&rft.date=2001-07-15&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=2949&rft.epage=2955&rft.pages=2949-2955&rft.issn=0013-936X&rft.eissn=1520-5851&rft.coden=ESTHAG&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021/es002043l&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E14580785%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a449t-de8bc640905da0b20c7eb3b1afac22a82d9db6cd5b83305762977f51205f1b163%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=230167247&rft_id=info:pmid/11478247&rfr_iscdi=true |