Eotaxin Represents the Principal Eosinophil Chemoattractant in a Novel Murine Asthma Model Induced by House Dust Containing Cockroach Allergens

Asthma represents a serious health problem particularly for inner city children, and recent studies have identified that cockroach allergens trigger many of these asthmatic attacks. This study tested the concept that asthma-like pulmonary inflammation may be induced by house dust containing cockroac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of immunology (1950) 2001-09, Vol.167 (5), p.2808-2815
Main Authors: Kim, Jiyoun, Merry, Andrew C, Nemzek, Jean A, Bolgos, Gerry L, Siddiqui, Javed, Remick, Daniel G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergens - administration & dosage
Animals
Asthma - etiology
Asthma - immunology
Asthma - pathology
Asthma - physiopathology
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - cytology
Chemokine CCL11
Chemokines, CC
Chemotactic Factors, Eosinophil - immunology
Child
Cockroaches - immunology
Cytokines - immunology
Disease Models, Animal
Dust - adverse effects
Eosinophilia - immunology
eotaxin
Female
Humans
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Summary:Asthma represents a serious health problem particularly for inner city children, and recent studies have identified that cockroach allergens trigger many of these asthmatic attacks. This study tested the concept that asthma-like pulmonary inflammation may be induced by house dust containing cockroach allergens. An aqueous extract was prepared from a house dust sample containing endotoxin and high levels of cockroach allergens. BALB/c mice were immunized with the house dust extract (HDE) and received two additional pulmonary challenges. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophil counts and eotaxin levels were significantly increased in immunized mice exposed to the HDE, whereas neutrophils were the predominant BAL inflammatory cell in the unimmunized mice. Kinetics studies in immunized mice demonstrated a peak pulmonary inflammatory response 48 h after the last challenge. The allergic response in this model was further confirmed by histological and physiological studies demonstrating a significant influx of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the peribronchial area, and severe airway hyperreactivity through whole-body plethysmography. The specificity of the response was established by immunizing with HDE and challenging with purified cockroach allergen, which induced pulmonary eosinophilia and airway hyperreactivity. Ab inhibition of eotaxin significantly inhibited the number of BAL eosinophils. These data describe a novel murine model of asthma-like pulmonary inflammation induced by house dust containing endotoxin and cockroach allergens and further demonstrate that eotaxin represents the principal chemoattractant for the recruitment of the pulmonary eosinophils.
ISSN:0022-1767
1550-6606
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.167.5.2808