Comparison of two aspirin doses on ischemic stroke in post-myocardial infarction patients in the warfarin (Coumadin) Aspirin Reinfarction Study (CARS)

• Published in: The American journal of cardiology 2001-09, Vol.88 (5), p.541-546
• Main Authors: O’Connor, Christopher M, Gattis, Wendy A, Hellkamp, Anne S, Langer, Anatoly, Larsen, Rhonda L, Harrington, Robert A, Berkowitz, Scott D, O’Gara, Patrick T, Kopecky, Steven L, Gheorghiade, Mihai, Daly, Robert, Califf, Robert M, Fuster, Valentin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Anticoagulants - administration & dosage; Aspirin - administration & dosage; Biological and medical sciences; Blood. Blood coagulation. Reticuloendothelial system; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electrocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient - drug therapy; Ischemic Attack, Transient - mortality; Ischemic Attack, Transient - prevention & control; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis; Myocardial Infarction - drug therapy; Myocardial Infarction - mortality; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Predictive Value of Tests; Proportional Hazards Models; Risk Assessment; Secondary Prevention; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke - drug therapy; Stroke - mortality; Stroke - prevention & control; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome; Warfarin - administration & dosage
• ISSN: 0002-9149; 1879-1913
• DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9149(01)01735-0

The Coumadin Aspirin Reinfarction Study demonstrated that combination treatment with fixed dose warfarin (1 or 3 mg) + aspirin 80 mg was not superior to aspirin 160 mg alone after myocardial infarction for reducing nonfatal reinfarction, nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular death. In this analysis, we examined the importance of aspirin dose in the protection against the secondary end point of ischemic stroke. The comparison arms for this analysis were warfarin 1 mg + aspirin 80 mg versus aspirin 160 mg. In the Coumadin Aspirin Reinfarction Study, 2,028 patients were randomized to aspirin 80 mg plus warfarin 1 mg, and 3,393 were randomized to aspirin 160 mg alone. A predictive model for ischemic stroke was developed using the Cox proportional-hazards model. A reduced Cox proportional-hazards model was developed to test for the effect of aspirin dose on ischemic stroke in predefined subgroups. The incidence of ischemic stroke was lower in patients treated with aspirin 160 mg than in patients treated with aspirin 80 mg + warfarin 1 mg (0.6% vs 1.1%; p = 0.0534). Age, previous stroke or transient ischemic attack, and aspirin dose were independent predictors of ischemic stroke. In addition, the highest risk patients, those with Q-wave myocardial infarction and male patients, appeared to receive greater benefit from aspirin 160 mg than from aspirin 80 mg + warfarin 1 mg. The results of this secondary analysis suggest that aspirin 160 mg is more effective than aspirin 80 mg + warfarin 1 mg in preventing ischemic stroke in post–myocardial infarction patients.