Members of the Family Caliciviridae (Norwalk Virus and Sapporo Virus) Are the Most Prevalent Cause of Gastroenteritis Outbreaks among Infants in Japan

Norwalk virus (NV) and Sapporo virus (SV) were approved as type species of the genus Norwalk-like viruses and the genus Sapporo-like viruses, respectively, within the family Caliciviridae. To clarify the importance of NV and SV as causes of gastroenteritis outbreaks in infants, stool samples obtaine...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2000-06, Vol.181 (6), p.2029-2032
Main Authors: Nakata, Shuji, Honma, Shinjiro, Numata, Kazuko-Kinoshita, Kogawa, Keiko, Ukae, Susumu, Morita, Yasuyuki, Adachi, Noriaki, Chiba, Shunzo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenoviruses
Biological and medical sciences
Caliciviridae Infections - epidemiology
Concise Communications
Disease Outbreaks
DNA, Viral - analysis
Epidemiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis - epidemiology
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infectious diseases
Japan
Japan - epidemiology
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Norovirus
Norwalk virus
Norwalk virus - isolation & purification
Nucleic acids
Regional identity
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sapovirus
Sapporo virus
Seasons
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the digestive system
Virology
Viruses
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Summary:Norwalk virus (NV) and Sapporo virus (SV) were approved as type species of the genus Norwalk-like viruses and the genus Sapporo-like viruses, respectively, within the family Caliciviridae. To clarify the importance of NV and SV as causes of gastroenteritis outbreaks in infants, stool samples obtained from 36 outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis that occurred during 1976–1995 in an infant home in Sapporo, Japan, were examined for diarrhea viruses using electron microscopy, enzyme immunoassays, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sequencing of the PCR products. NV and SV were associated with 15 (42%) of the 36 outbreaks and were more prevalent than rotavirus (RV) A, which was associated with 10 (28%) of the 36 outbreaks. Our data indicate that NV and SV were the most common cause of outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis in infants and were indeed more prevalent than RV-A in Sapporo, Japan, during 1976–1995.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/315500