The effects of treadmill inclination and speed on the activity of three trunk muscles in the trotting horse

• Published in: Equine veterinary journal 2001-09, Vol.33 (5), p.466-472
• Main Authors: ROBERT, C., VALETTE, J. P., DENOIX, J. -M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Electromyography - methods; Electromyography - veterinary; Exercise Test - veterinary; Gait - physiology; horse; Horses - physiology; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rectus Abdominis - physiology; slope; speed; surface electromyography (EMG); Time Factors; treadmill; trot
• ISSN: 0425-1644; 2042-3306
• DOI: 10.2746/042516401776254745

Summary The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of speed and slope on the activity of trunk muscles. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the splenius (Sp), longissimus dorsi (LD) and rectus abdominis (RA) muscles was recorded with surface electrodes during tread mill locomotion at trot fordifferent combinations of speed (3.5 to 6 m/s) and slope (0 to 6%). Raw EMG signals were processed to determine activity duration, onset and end and integrated EMG (IEMG). For the 3 muscles investigated, onset and end of activity were obtained earlier in the stride cycle when speed increased. A longer duration of activity forthe LD, a shorter duration for the RA and an unchanged duration for the Sp were also observed. The IEMG of the latter was poorly affected by speed, whereas it increased linearly with speed for the 2 other muscles. When treadmill inclination changed from 0 to 6%, EMG activity of the LD and RA began and ended later; a longer activity duration was noted. Temporal parameters for Sp did not change with slope. A significant and progressive increase in the IEMG of the 3 muscles was observed with increasing slope. This evaluation of the activity of trunk muscles provides objective data for the use of speed or slope in training programmes.