Amperometric creatinine biosensor for hemodialysis patients

Background: Creatinine is an important clinical laboratory parameter for the evaluation of kidney function. It is essential to determine its concentration in serum of patients suffering from renal insufficiency. During hemodialysis treatment, the measurement of creatinine in the effluent dialysate o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinica chimica acta 2001-10, Vol.312 (1), p.129-134
Main Authors: Tombach, Bernd, Schneider, Joachim, Matzkies, Fritz, Schaefer, Roland M, Chemnitius, Gabriele C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Biosensing Techniques
Creatine - analysis
Creatinine
Creatinine - analysis
Dialysate
Enzyme sensor
Hemodialysis Solutions - analysis
Humans
Interference
Medical sciences
Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases
Nephropathies. Renovascular diseases. Renal failure
Renal Dialysis
Renal failure
Reproducibility of Results
Serum
Ultrafiltrate
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Summary:Background: Creatinine is an important clinical laboratory parameter for the evaluation of kidney function. It is essential to determine its concentration in serum of patients suffering from renal insufficiency. During hemodialysis treatment, the measurement of creatinine in the effluent dialysate or ultrafiltrate may give additional information on the efficiency of the extracorporal procedure. Therefore, enzyme sensors with co-immobilized creatinine amidohydrolase, creatine amidinohydrolase and sarcosine oxidase have been used to determine creatinine. Methods: Enzymatically generated hydrogen peroxide has amperometrically been detected at a platinum-working electrode. To exclude electroactive compounds of the sample matrix, which might interfere with the electrochemical measurement, the sensors have additionally been modified by a Nafion membrane. Results: Such sensors showed a linear detection range of 0.06–1.7 mg/dl for creatinine. Diluting the sample with measuring buffer, it has also been possible to measure pathological creatinine concentrations up to 11 mg/dl. A good correlation between creatinine concentrations in serum, dialysate and ultrafiltrate determined by the presented enzyme sensors and those obtained by both, conventional colorimetric Jaffé and enzymatic measurements have been achieved. Conclusion: Further developments will aim at the integration of this measuring principle into the concept to low-cost disposable planar sensors.
ISSN:0009-8981
1873-3492
DOI:10.1016/S0009-8981(01)00610-6