Association of education with dietary intake among young adults in the bi-ethnic Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort

• Published in: Public health nutrition 2003-10, Vol.6 (7), p.689-695
• Main Authors: Archer, SL, Hilner, JE, Dyer, AR, Greenlund, KJ, Colangelo, LA, Kiefe, CI, Liu, K
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Black or African American; Black People; Blacks; Cardiovascular disease; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, Dietary - administration & dosage; Cohort Studies; Coronary Artery Disease - epidemiology; Coronary Artery Disease - ethnology; Coronary Artery Disease - etiology; Coronary vessels; Diet; Dietary choices; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Education; Educational Status; Energy; energy intake; Female; Food; food choices; food frequency questionnaires; food intake; Food Preferences; Health care; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health promotion; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; men; Nutrient intakes; Nutrition research; Nutritional Sciences - education; Nutritionists; Preventive medicine; Prospective Studies; Public health; Questionnaires; risk; Risk Factors; Software; starch; Surveys and Questionnaires; Taste; United States - epidemiology; Veins & arteries; White People; Whites; women; Womens health; Young adults
• ISSN: 1368-9800; 1475-2727; 1475-2727
• DOI: 10.1079/PHN2003488

Objective: To examine associations of changes in dietary intake with education in young black and white men and women. Design: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a multi-centre population-based prospective study. Dietary intake data at baseline and year 7 were obtained from an extensive nutritionist-administered diet history questionnaire with 700 items developed for CARDIA. Setting: Participants were recruited in 1985-1986 from four sites: Birmingham, Alabama; Chicago, Illinois; Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Oakland, California. Subjects: Participants were from a general community sample of 703 black men (BM), 1006 black women (BW), 963 white men (WM) and 1054 white women (WW) who were aged 18-30 years at baseline. Analyses here include data for baseline (1985-1986) and year 7 (1992-1993). Results: Most changes in dietary intake were observed among those with high education (≥ 12 years) at both examinations. There was a significant decrease in intake of energy from saturated fat and cholesterol and a significant increase in energy from starch for each race-gender group (P < 0.001). Regardless of education, taste was considered an important influence on food choice. Conclusion: The inverse relationship of education with changes in saturated fat and cholesterol intakes suggests that national public health campaigns may have a greater impact among those with more education.