Necrotic volume increase and the early physiology of necrosis

Whether a lethally injured mammalian cell undergoes necrosis or apoptosis may be determined by the early activation of specific ion channels at the cell surface. Apoptosis requires K + and Cl − efflux, which leads to cell shrinking, an active phenomenon termed apoptotic volume decrease (AVD). In con...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A Part A, 2001-10, Vol.130 (3), p.401-409
Main Authors: Barros, L.F, Hermosilla, T, Castro, J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Cell death
Cell volume regulation
Chloride Channels - metabolism
Ion Transport
Membrane channels
Necrosis
Potassium Channels - metabolism
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Summary:Whether a lethally injured mammalian cell undergoes necrosis or apoptosis may be determined by the early activation of specific ion channels at the cell surface. Apoptosis requires K + and Cl − efflux, which leads to cell shrinking, an active phenomenon termed apoptotic volume decrease (AVD). In contrast, necrosis has been shown to require Na + influx through membrane carriers and more recently through stress-activated non-selective cation channels (NSCCs). These ubiquitous channels are kept dormant in viable cells but become activated upon exposure to free-radicals. The ensuing Na + influx leads to cell swelling, an active response that may be termed necrotic volume increase (NVI). This review focuses on how AVD and NVI become conflicting forces at the beginning of cell injury, on the events that determine irreversibility and in particular, on the ion fluxes that decide whether a cell is to die by necrosis or by apoptosis.
ISSN:1095-6433
1531-4332
DOI:10.1016/S1095-6433(01)00438-X