Identification of Protein Kinase C (PKC) Isoforms in Teleostean, Amphibian and Avian Pigment Cells

The beta isoform of protein kinase C (PKC) has been described as the main isoform involved in the stimulation of melanogenesis in mammalian skin melanocytes. Little is known about PKC isoforms in non‐mammalian pigment cells. In neopterigian fish (holostei and teleostei), PKC is associated with pigme...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pigment cell research 2003-12, Vol.16 (6), p.639-643
Main Authors: Isoldi, Mauro César, Matioli, Sergio Russo, Castrucci, Ana Maria de Lauro, Lima, Leonardo Henrique Ribeiro Graciani de, Visconti, Maria Aparecida, Rebouças, Nancy Amaral
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Amphibian
Animals
Bird
Cells, Cultured
Chickens - genetics
Chickens - metabolism
Enzyme Activation
Fishes - genetics
Fishes - metabolism
Isoenzymes - genetics
Isoenzymes - metabolism
Melanocytes - enzymology
Molecular Sequence Data
Phylogeny
Pigment cell
Protein kinase C
Protein Kinase C - genetics
Protein Kinase C - metabolism
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Teleost fish
Xenopus laevis - genetics
Xenopus laevis - metabolism
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Summary:The beta isoform of protein kinase C (PKC) has been described as the main isoform involved in the stimulation of melanogenesis in mammalian skin melanocytes. Little is known about PKC isoforms in non‐mammalian pigment cells. In neopterigian fish (holostei and teleostei), PKC is associated with pigment granule aggregation within the pigment cells (skin lightening), whereas in elasmobranchs and tetrapods, the activation of PKC leads to pigment granule dispersion (skin darkening). In an attempt to a better understanding of this distinct functional behavior upon PKC activation, we decided to investigate the PKC isoforms expressed in pigment cell lines of teleost fish, amphibians and birds, using RT‐PCR followed by cloning and sequencing. Our results demonstrate the presence of messenger RNA (mRNA) for the following PKC isoforms: beta 1, lambda and iota in GEM‐81 cells (Carassius auratus erythrophoroma), beta 1, beta 2 and zeta in Xenopus laevis (amphibian) melanophores; beta 1 and lambda in Gallus gallus (chicken) primary melanocytes. Beta 1 PKC seems to be conserved throughout phylogeny, but the diversity of the other isoforms in the different groups may account for the functional differences after PKC activation, which are observed between teleost and tetrapod pigment cells.
ISSN:0893-5785
1600-0749
DOI:10.1046/j.1600-0749.2003.00094.x