Multilabeling Biomolecules at a Single Site. 1. Synthesis and Characterization of a Dendritic Label for Electrochemiluminescence Assays

Ultrasensitive bioanalytical assays are of great value for early detection of human diseases and pathogens. The sensitivities of immunoassays and DNA probing can be enhanced by multilabeling the biorecognition partner used for affinity-based assays. However, the bioreactivity of biomolecules is affe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analytical chemistry (Washington) 2003-12, Vol.75 (23), p.6708-6717
Main Authors: Zhou, Ming, Roovers, Jacques, Robertson, Gilles P, Grover, Chander P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical chemistry
Animals
Cattle
Chemistry
Electrochemical methods
Electrochemistry
Exact sciences and technology
General and physical chemistry
Immunoassay
Isotope Labeling - methods
Luminescent Measurements
Molecular biology
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular - methods
Organometallic Compounds - chemical synthesis
Organometallic Compounds - metabolism
Photoelectrochemistry. Electrochemiluminescence
Serum Albumin, Bovine - analysis
Serum Albumin, Bovine - metabolism
Spectrometric and optical methods
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
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Summary:Ultrasensitive bioanalytical assays are of great value for early detection of human diseases and pathogens. The sensitivities of immunoassays and DNA probing can be enhanced by multilabeling the biorecognition partner used for affinity-based assays. However, the bioreactivity of biomolecules is affected by a high degree of multilabeling at multiple functional sites. It is proposed that dendritic scaffoldings be used to link multiple signal-generating units to a single site with potentially minimum impact on the bioaffinity. A prototype label, a zeroth-generation dendron, bearing three [Ru(bpy)3]2+ units for electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assays was synthesized and characterized preliminarily by spectroscopic, electrochemical, and ECL methods. No evidence of interaction between the neighboring [Ru(bpy)3]2+ units in the label molecule was found from these characterizations. Both the photoluminescence and ECL of the prototype label have features very similar to those of mononuclear [Ru(bpy)3]2+ compounds. Labeling a model protein with a triad of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ at one NH2 position was demonstrated. The results reported here provide support to applying the proposed multilabeling strategy to affinity-based bioanalytical assays.
ISSN:0003-2700
1520-6882
DOI:10.1021/ac034664d