ORIGINS AND FUNCTIONS OF B-1 CELLS WITH NOTES ON THE ROLE OF CD5

Whether B-1a (CD5+) cells are a distinct lineage derived from committed fetal/neonatal precursors or arise from follicular B-2 cells in response to BCR ligation and other, unknown signals remains controversial. Recent evidence indicates that B-1a cells can derive from adult precursors expressing an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of immunology 2002-01, Vol.20 (1), p.253-300
Main Authors: Berland, Robert, Wortis, Henry H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
antigen
Autoimmunity
B cells
B-Lymphocyte Subsets - cytology
B-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology
Bone Marrow Cells - cytology
Bone Marrow Cells - immunology
CD5 Antigens - chemistry
CD5 Antigens - genetics
CD5 Antigens - metabolism
Cell Differentiation
Fetus - cytology
Fetus - immunology
Humans
Immunity, Mucosal
Immunoglobulin A - biosynthesis
Immunoglobulin M - blood
Lymphocyte Activation
Mice
Phenotype
Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell - metabolism
repertoire
Signal Transduction
T independent type 2 (TI-2)
tolerance
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Summary:Whether B-1a (CD5+) cells are a distinct lineage derived from committed fetal/neonatal precursors or arise from follicular B-2 cells in response to BCR ligation and other, unknown signals remains controversial. Recent evidence indicates that B-1a cells can derive from adult precursors expressing an appropriate specificity when the (self-) antigen is present. Antibody specificity determines whether a B cell expressing immunoglobulin transgenes has a B-2, B-1a or marginal zone (MZ) phenotype. MZ cells share many phenotypic characteristics of B-1 cells and, like them, appear to develop in response to T independent type 2 antigens. Because fetal-derived B cell progenitors fail to express terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and for other reasons, they are likely to express a repertoire that allows selection into the B-1a population. As it is selected by self-antigen, the B-1 repertoire tends to be autoreactive. This potentially dangerous repertoire is also useful, as B-1 cells are essential for resistance to several pathogens and they play an important role in mucosal immunity. The CD5 molecule can function as a negative regulator of BCR signaling that may help prevent inappropriate activation of autoreactive B-1a cells.
ISSN:0732-0582
1545-3278
DOI:10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.100301.064833