Detection and diagnosis of blood in feces and urine: an overview

Background: Detection of blood in feces or urine has long been regarded as an indicator of patient's state of health. The ease with which feces or urine may be obtained and patient's willingness to provide the specimen make detection of fecal occult blood or urine analysis one of the most...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinica Chimica Acta 2002-04, Vol.318 (1), p.1-17
Main Authors: Syed, Akheel A., Silwadi, Mohammed F., Khatoon, Bibi A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Blood
Detection
Diagnosis
Feces
Feces - chemistry
Feces - cytology
Hematology
Hematuria - diagnosis
Hematuria - pathology
Humans
Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)
Medical sciences
Occult Blood
Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques
Urine
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Summary:Background: Detection of blood in feces or urine has long been regarded as an indicator of patient's state of health. The ease with which feces or urine may be obtained and patient's willingness to provide the specimen make detection of fecal occult blood or urine analysis one of the most commonly performed screening examinations. Historically, the inspection of feces or urine for diagnostic purpose has been practiced for centuries. Of late, management of renal or urinary tract abnormalities or investigation of anemia, gastrointestinal diseases and for early detection of colorectal cancer has assumed greater importance. Methods: The never-ending list of techniques for the diagnosis of disorders producing bleeding such as urine microscopy, urine cytology, urine based marker test, cytoscopy, ultra sonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, to mention a few, and four categories of detection of fecal occult blood namely, radioanalytical, physical, immunochemical and chemical methods makes the study very interesting. Purpose: This review attempts to overview various techniques, methods and methodologies for the diagnosis and detection of blood in feces and urine, in the direction of looking at past and current tests with an eye on future needs.
ISSN:0009-8981
1873-3492
DOI:10.1016/S0009-8981(01)00800-2