A longitudinal analysis of patterns of adjustment following peer victimization

This study examined the effects of being victimized by peers on children's behavioral, social, emotional, and academic functioning. We assessed an ethnically diverse sample of 2,064 first, second, and fourth graders and followed them over 2 years, locating 1,469 of the participants at the follo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Development and psychopathology 2002-03, Vol.14 (1), p.69-89
Main Authors: HANISH, LAURA D., GUERRA, NANCY G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjustment
Aggression - psychology
Behavior
Child
Child Reactive Disorders - diagnosis
Child Reactive Disorders - psychology
Cluster analysis
Crime Victims
Dominance-Subordination
Educational Status
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Internal-External Control
Male
Peer Group
Peers
Personality Assessment
Risk Factors
Social Adjustment
Sociometric Techniques
Urban Population
Victimization
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Summary:This study examined the effects of being victimized by peers on children's behavioral, social, emotional, and academic functioning. We assessed an ethnically diverse sample of 2,064 first, second, and fourth graders and followed them over 2 years, locating 1,469 of the participants at the follow-up. Correlation and partial correlation analyses revealed that prior victimization predicted externalizing, internalizing, and social problems 2 years later for the sample as a whole. However, not all victimized children experienced the same types of outcomes; instead, there was heterogeneity in children's responses to victimization. Using cluster analysis, we identified eight outcome patterns that represented different patterns of functioning. These were labeled as externalizing, internalizing, symptomatic, popular, disliked, absent, low achieving, and high achieving. Discriminant function analyses revealed that the symptomatic, externalizing, and disliked patterns were systematically related to victimization. Moreover, significant gender and age differences in the severity of effects were obtained. The discussion highlights the complexity of victimization effects.
ISSN:0954-5794
1469-2198
DOI:10.1017/S0954579402001049