Increased Mortality of Gypsy Moth Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Exposed to Gypsy Moth Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Combination with the Phenolic Gycoside Salicin

Second instar gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), larvae suffered significantly greater mortality from aerially applied gypsy moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Gypchek) when the virus was consumed on quaking aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx., versus red oak, Quercus spp. L....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of economic entomology 2003-12, Vol.96 (6), p.1662-1667
Main Authors: Cook, Stephen P., Webb, Ralph E., Podgwaite, John D., Reardon, Richard C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Benzyl Alcohols - administration & dosage
BIOLOGICAL AND MICROBIAL CONTROL
Glucosides
Gypchek
gypsy moth
Insect Control - methods
Larva
Moths - growth & development
Moths - virology
Nucleopolyhedrovirus
Pest Control, Biological
phenolic gylcosides
Populus
Quercus
salicin
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Summary:Second instar gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), larvae suffered significantly greater mortality from aerially applied gypsy moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Gypchek) when the virus was consumed on quaking aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx., versus red oak, Quercus spp. L., foliage. Laboratory assays in which various doses of Gypchek and salicin (a phenolic glycoside present in aspen foliage) were tested in combination demonstrated that salicin significantly increased total larval mortality and lowered the LD50 estimates (dose of Gypchek that resulted in 50% population mortality) for the virus, although not significantly. While salicin did not impact larval survival in the absence of Gypcek, it did act to significantly deter feeding when it was present in high concentrations (up to 5.0%) within the treatment formulations. The enhanced activity of Gypchek in the presence of salicin is similar to prior reports of enhanced activity of the bacterial pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis when consumed concurrently with phenolic glycosides commonly present in aspen foliage. The enhancement of viral activity is in contrast to the inhibitory effects on the virus reported for another common group of phenolic compounds, tannins.
ISSN:0022-0493
1938-291X
0022-0493
DOI:10.1603/0022-0493-96.6.1662