Outbreak of Poliomyelitis in Hispaniola Associated with Circulating Type 1 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus

• Published in: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2002-04, Vol.296 (5566), p.356-359
• Main Authors: Kew, Olen, Morris-Glasgow, Victoria, Landaverde, Mauricio, Burns, Cara, Shaw, Jing, Garib, Zacarias, André, Jean, Blackman, Elizabeth, Freeman, C. Jason, Jorba, Jaume, Sutter, Roland, Tambini, Gina, Venczel, Linda, Pedreira, Cristina, Laender, Fernando, Shimizu, Hiroyuki, Yoneyama, Tetsuo, Miyamura, Tatsuo, van der Avoort, Harrie, Oberste, M. Steven, Kilpatrick, David, Cochi, Stephen, Pallansch, Mark, de Quadros, Ciro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 5' Untranslated Regions; Adolescent; Animals; Antibacterials; Biological and medical sciences; Capsid - genetics; Capsid Proteins; Case studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease Outbreaks; Dominican Republic - epidemiology; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Female; Genes; Genes, Viral; Haiti - epidemiology; Human viral diseases; Humans; Immunization Programs; Infant; Infections; Infectious diseases; Literary Devices; Male; Medical research; Medical sciences; Medicine, Experimental; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Oral poliovirus vaccine; Patients; Point Mutation; Polio; Poliomyelitis; Poliomyelitis - epidemiology; Poliomyelitis - prevention & control; Poliomyelitis - transmission; Poliomyelitis - virology; Poliomyelitis vaccine; Poliovirus; Poliovirus - classification; Poliovirus - genetics; Poliovirus - isolation & purification; Poliovirus - pathogenicity; Poliovirus 1; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - adverse effects; Poliovirus vaccines; Polioviruses; Population Surveillance; Recombination, Genetic; Tropical medicine; Vaccination; Vaccines; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the nervous system; Virulence; Viruses
• ISSN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.1068284

An outbreak of paralytic poliomyelitis occurred in the Dominican Republic (13 confirmed cases) and Haiti (8 confirmed cases, including 2 fatal cases) during 2000-2001. All but one of the patients were either unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated children, and cases occurred in communities with very low (7 to 40%) rates of coverage with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). The outbreak was associated with the circulation of a derivative of the type 1 OPV strain, probably originating from a single OPV dose given in 1998-1999. The vaccine-derived poliovirus associated with the outbreak had biological properties indistinguishable from those of wild poliovirus.