Aerosol Infection of Cynomolgus Macaques with Enzootic Strains of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses

Because Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (VEEVs) are infectious by aerosol, they are considered to be a biologicalweapons threat. Nonhuman-primate models are needed to evaluate the efficacy of candidate vaccines. In the present study, cynomolgus macaques, after aerosol exposure to either VEEV-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2004-03, Vol.189 (6), p.1013-1017
Main Authors: Reed, Douglas S., Lind, Cathleen M., Sullivan, Lawrence J., Pratt, William D., Parker, Michael D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Animals
Arboviral encephalitis
Arboviroses
Biological and medical sciences
Blood
Disease Models, Animal
Diseases
Dosage
Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine - etiology
Female
Fever
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human viral diseases
Infections
Infectious diseases
Lymphopenia
Macaca fascicularis
Male
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Tropical viral diseases
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
Viral diseases
Viremia
Viruses
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Summary:Because Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (VEEVs) are infectious by aerosol, they are considered to be a biologicalweapons threat. Nonhuman-primate models are needed to evaluate the efficacy of candidate vaccines. In the present study, cynomolgus macaques, after aerosol exposure to either VEEV-IE or VEEV-IIIA, developed fever, viremia, and lymphopenia; the severity of the fever response, viremia, and lymphopenia correlated with the inhaled dose of VEEV. Of the 10 macaques in our study, 7 developed clinical signs indicative of encephalitis, including loss of balance and hypothermia. In the macaque, the enzootic strains used are infectious by aerosol and lead to disease, including clinical encephalitis.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1086/382281