Primate hepatitis B viruses - genetic diversity, geography and evolution

There are six well characterised genotypes (A–F) of human hepatitis B virus that have distinct geographic ranges which generally relate to chronic HBV infection. A seventh human genotype (G) has recently been described, but there is limited information on ethnic and geographic distribution. Despite...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reviews in medical virology 2002-05, Vol.12 (3), p.133-141
Main Authors: Robertson, Betty H., Margolis, Harold S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Ape Diseases - virology
Biological and medical sciences
Cebidae - virology
Evolution, Molecular
Gorilla gorilla - virology
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B - veterinary
Hepatitis B - virology
Hepatitis B virus - classification
Hepatitis B virus - genetics
Human viral diseases
Humans
Hylobates - virology
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Molecular Sequence Data
Monkey Diseases - virology
Pan troglodytes - virology
Phylogeny
Pongo pygmaeus - virology
Primates - virology
Viral diseases
Viral hepatitis
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Summary:There are six well characterised genotypes (A–F) of human hepatitis B virus that have distinct geographic ranges which generally relate to chronic HBV infection. A seventh human genotype (G) has recently been described, but there is limited information on ethnic and geographic distribution. Despite the fact that early studies indicated that HBV antigens were present in other primates, the prevailing dogma that HBV was a human disease precluded alternative explanations. Within the past 5 years, hepatitis B viruses have been characterised from all the Old World great apes (orangutan, gibbons, gorillas and chimpanzees) and from a New World woolly monkey. Each group of non‐human primates appears to have a distinct strain of hepatitis B virus that can be distinguished from human sequences based upon the nucleotide sequence and selected amino acid changes in the viral proteins. The woolly monkey HBV is most divergent from other primate and human sequences, while the great ape HBV sequences cluster together with separate branches for each group. Published in 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN:1052-9276
1099-1654
DOI:10.1002/rmv.348