Clinical management of breast cancer in males: a report of four cases

Breast cancer in men is a rare cancer manifestation, accounting for less then 1% of all breast cancers in both genders. The incidence in Germany during the last years has been approximately 1.0 per year/100,000. In the US, only 0.2% of all malignancies in men. Predisposing risk factors seem to inclu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology 2002-04, Vol.102 (1), p.67-73
Main Authors: Heinig, Joerg, Jackisch, Christian, Rody, Achim, Koch, Olaf, Buechter, Dorothe, Schneider, Hermann P.G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use
Axilla
Biological and medical sciences
Biopsy, Needle
BRCA-2
Breast Neoplasms, Male - diagnosis
Breast Neoplasms, Male - genetics
Breast Neoplasms, Male - pathology
Breast Neoplasms, Male - therapy
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Lymph Node Excision
Lymph Nodes - pathology
Male
Male breast cancer
Mammary gland diseases
Mammography
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Neck
Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
Neoplasm Staging
Outcome
Prognosis
Radiography, Thoracic
Remission Induction
Risk factors
Surgical Procedures, Operative
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Treatment
Tumors
Ultrasonography
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Summary:Breast cancer in men is a rare cancer manifestation, accounting for less then 1% of all breast cancers in both genders. The incidence in Germany during the last years has been approximately 1.0 per year/100,000. In the US, only 0.2% of all malignancies in men. Predisposing risk factors seem to include radiation exposure, hereditary factors, estrogen administration, and diseases associated with hyperestrogenism, such as cirrhosis of the liver or genetic syndromes (i.e. Klinefelter disease). The incidence of male breast cancer is increased in families with a number of first degree relatives affected with breast or prostate cancer. An increased risk of male breast cancer has been reported in families with a mutation of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA-2. For a period of decades, prognosis of breast cancer in males was thought to be worse than that of female patients. Data and cases being published demonstrate that prognosis and strategies of treatment in male breast cancer do not differ from those in females. The cases presented clearly demonstrate that diagnostic work-up, staging procedures and treatment options for primary treatment and advanced stages are identical compared to the recommendation for female breast cancer.
ISSN:0301-2115
1872-7654
DOI:10.1016/S0301-2115(01)00551-6