Acute traumatic aortic rupture: early stent-graft repair

• Published in: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery 2002-06, Vol.21 (6), p.959-963
• Main Authors: Lachat, M., Pfammatter, T., Witzke, H., Bernard, E., Wolfensberger, U., Künzli, A., Turina, M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Acute traumatic aortic rupture; Aorta, Thoracic - diagnostic imaging; Aorta, Thoracic - injuries; Aortic Rupture - diagnostic imaging; Aortic Rupture - surgery; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Endovascular; Feasibility Studies; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Radiography; Stent-graft; Stents; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Surgery of the heart; Thoracic Injuries - diagnostic imaging; Thoracic Injuries - surgery; Wounds, Nonpenetrating - diagnostic imaging
• ISSN: 1010-7940; 1873-734X
• DOI: 10.1016/S1010-7940(02)00062-3

Objective: Prospective evaluation of early stent-graft repair of acute traumatic aortic rupture. Methods: Twelve patients with acute traumatic aortic rupture of the descending aorta, out of a series of 337 endovascular aortic procedures, were treated by implantation of self-expanding stent-grafts. The procedures were performed within a mean post-injury time-period of 5±7 days (median: 1 day). The feasibility of stent-grafting was assessed by CT scanning and echography. Implantation was performed under local (n=6), or general anesthesia (n=6) if patients were already intubated (n=5) or required a common iliac artery access (n=1). Results: The immediate technical success rate was 100%. There were no post-procedure complications in all but one patient, who died 12 h postoperatively (8% mortality). Complete sealing of the aortic rupture in the remaining 11 patients was confirmed by postoperative CT scans. There were no intervention-related morbidity or mortality during the mean follow-up of 17 months. One patient with peri-graft leakage was successfully repaired with an additional stent-graft 12 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Non-delayed or early stent-grafting in acute traumatic rupture of the descending aorta is feasible. This technique seems to be a valuable option, in particular when associated lesions may interfere with the surgical outcome. Immediate post-procedural CT scanning and/or echography should be performed, in order to rule out residual leakage.