Yeast Adapt to Near-Freezing Temperatures by STRE/Msn2,4-Dependent Induction of Trehalose Synthesis and Certain Molecular Chaperones

Virtually nothing is known about the biochemical adaptations in eukaryotic cells that may enhance survival at low temperatures or upon freezing. Here we demonstrate an adaptive response in yeast that is activated below 10°C and increases tolerance to low temperatures and freezing. This response invo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular cell 2004-03, Vol.13 (6), p.771-781
Main Authors: Kandror, Olga, Bretschneider, Nancy, Kreydin, Evgeniy, Cavalieri, Duccio, Goldberg, Alfred L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
Cell Survival
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Freezing
Gene Deletion
Gene Expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
Glucosyltransferases - biosynthesis
Glucosyltransferases - genetics
Molecular Chaperones - metabolism
RNA, Messenger - analysis
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - growth & development
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - physiology
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - biosynthesis
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - genetics
Time Factors
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcription, Genetic
Trehalose - biosynthesis
Trehalose - metabolism
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Summary:Virtually nothing is known about the biochemical adaptations in eukaryotic cells that may enhance survival at low temperatures or upon freezing. Here we demonstrate an adaptive response in yeast that is activated below 10°C and increases tolerance to low temperatures and freezing. This response involves a dramatic accumulation of the chemical chaperone trehalose and induction of trehalose-synthesizing enzymes (Tps1, Tps2) and certain heat shock proteins (Hsp104, Hsp42, Hsp12, Ssa4). mRNAs for these proteins increase dramatically below 10°C and even at 0°C. Their expression requires Msn2,4 transcription factors but also involves marked mRNA stabilization. Upon return to 30°C, TPS1, TPS2, and HSP104 mRNAs, trehalose levels and tolerance to freezing fall dramatically within minutes. Mutants lacking trehalose or Msn2,4 die more rapidly at 0°C and upon freezing. Thus, below 10°C, yeast show an adaptive response that sustains viability at low or freezing temperatures, which are commonly encountered in natural environments and laboratory refrigerators.
ISSN:1097-2765
1097-4164
DOI:10.1016/S1097-2765(04)00148-0