Is ‘timing’ important for cytokine polarization?

A comparison of the longitudinal cytokine responses of cattle to infection with intracellular Mycobacterium bovis and extracellular Onchocerca ochengi illustrates the development of reciprocal interferon-γ and interleukin-4 responses, which result ultimately in an infection-induced type-1 or type-2...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in immunology 2002-05, Vol.23 (5), p.246-249
Main Authors: Rhodes, Shelley G, Graham, Simon P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bias
Cattle
cytokine
Humans
Immune system
Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis
Interferon-gamma - immunology
Interleukin-4 - biosynthesis
Interleukin-4 - immunology
Mycobacterium bovis - immunology
Onchocerca - immunology
onchocerciasis
Onchocerciasis - immunology
Onchocerciasis - physiopathology
polarisation
Th1 Cells - immunology
Th2 Cells - immunology
Time Factors
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, Bovine - immunology
Tuberculosis, Bovine - physiopathology
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Summary:A comparison of the longitudinal cytokine responses of cattle to infection with intracellular Mycobacterium bovis and extracellular Onchocerca ochengi illustrates the development of reciprocal interferon-γ and interleukin-4 responses, which result ultimately in an infection-induced type-1 or type-2 polarization, respectively. These kinetic studies of natural host–pathogen relationships show that the cytokine responses to infection fluctuate over time, resulting in periods of polarization and nonpolarization before the establishment of a chronic infection. Here, we discuss our data from cattle in the light of the current understanding of cytokine polarization towards infection in mouse models and humans. Kinetic studies of natural host-pathogen relationships in cattle show that the cytokine responses to infection fluctuate over time, resulting ultimately in type-1 or type-2 polarization.
ISSN:1471-4906
1471-4981
DOI:10.1016/S1471-4906(02)02200-7