Hypoglycaemic effect of stigmast-4-en-3-one and its corresponding alcohol from the bark of Anacardium occidentale (cashew)

Intravenous administration of the hexane extract of the bark of Anacardium occidentale (cashew) in normal, healthy dogs produced a significant lowering of the blood glucose levels. Pursuit of the hypoglycaemic principle(s) in the hexane extract resulted in the isolation and characterization of two co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytotherapy research 2004-05, Vol.18 (5), p.403-407
Main Authors: Alexander-Lindo, R.L, Morrison, E.Y.S.A, Nair, M.G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anacardium
Anacardium occidentale
Animals
bark
Biological and medical sciences
blood glucose
cashew
Diabetes Mellitus - prevention & control
Dogs
Female
General pharmacology
Glucose Tolerance Test
glycemic effect
hypoglycaemic effect
Hypoglycemic Agents - administration & dosage
Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry
Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology
Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use
Injections, Intravenous
Male
Medical sciences
Pharmacognosy. Homeopathy. Health food
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
phytochemicals
Phytotherapy
Plant Bark
plant extracts
Plant Extracts - administration & dosage
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
stigmast-4-en-3-ol
stigmast-4-en-3-one
Stigmasterol - administration & dosage
Stigmasterol - analogs & derivatives
Stigmasterol - chemistry
Stigmasterol - pharmacology
Stigmasterol - therapeutic use
Structure-Activity Relationship
traditional medicine
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Summary:Intravenous administration of the hexane extract of the bark of Anacardium occidentale (cashew) in normal, healthy dogs produced a significant lowering of the blood glucose levels. Pursuit of the hypoglycaemic principle(s) in the hexane extract resulted in the isolation and characterization of two compounds, stigmast‐4‐en‐3‐ol (1) and stigmast‐4‐en‐3‐one (2). These compounds were purified by chromatographic methods and the structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Both compounds produced significant hypoglycaemic activity after intravenous administration at a dose of 1.3 mg/kg body weight. The bark of the cashew plant, A. occidentale, exhibited a hypoglycaemic effect probably due to the presence of these compounds. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN:0951-418X
1099-1573
DOI:10.1002/ptr.1459