Secular trends in dietary intake in the United States

This review focuses on dietary intake and dietary supplement use among the U.S. population age 1-74 based on four National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 1971-74, 1976-80, 1988-94, and 1999-2000. Secular trends in intake of energy, macronutrients, cholesterol, sodium, calcium,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of nutrition 2004-01, Vol.24 (1), p.401-431
Main Authors: BRIEFEL, Ronette R, JOHNSON, Clifford L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adolescents
Adult
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Diet
Diet - trends
Dietary Supplements
Energy Intake
Fast food
Feeding Behavior
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Food Preferences
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Infant
Male
Middle Aged
Nutrition Surveys
Restaurants
United States
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Vitamins
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Summary:This review focuses on dietary intake and dietary supplement use among the U.S. population age 1-74 based on four National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 1971-74, 1976-80, 1988-94, and 1999-2000. Secular trends in intake of energy, macronutrients, cholesterol, sodium, calcium, iron, folate, zinc, vitamins A and C, fruits, vegetables, and grain products are summarized. During the 30-year period, mean energy intake increased among adults, and changed little among children age 1-19, except for an increase among adolescent females. Factors contributing to increases in energy intake include increases in the percentage of the population eating away from home (particularly at fast-food restaurants), larger portion sizes of foods and beverages, increased consumption of sweetened beverages, changes in snacking habits, and improved dietary methodology. Dietary supplement use increased among adult men and women, decreased among children age 1-5, and was stable for children age 6-11 and adolescents.
ISSN:0199-9885
1545-4312
DOI:10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073349